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In this chapter, the functional principle of the variable pulley continuously variable transmission ( CVT ) is explained and some typical examples of the architecture of this kind of transmission are shown. This type of transmission is characterized by the fact that power is being transmitted by a belt or a chain type of component, between two conical pulleys that are adjustable. For both types of component, the design and the construction are explained, as well as the functional behavior. The transfer of the torque from one pulley to the other is based on friction. The required frictional force is typically applied by hydraulic pressure. Different concepts for the setup of the hydraulic control system for clamping pressure purpose are described together with the further functions such as clutch control, cooling, and lubrication. There is also attention needed for the different components that create the hydraulic functions, such as pump, solenoids, valves, and sensors. Finally, the assembly and manufacturing of the variator—the belt pulley set—are also explained with regard to specific requirements and methods.