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The measurement of different target parameters using radar systems has been an active research area for the last decades. Particularly target angle measurement is a very demanding topic, because obtaining good measurement results often goes hand in hand with extensive hardware effort. Especially for sensors used in the mass market, e.g. in automotive applications like adaptive cruise control this may be prohibitive. Therefore we address target localization using a compact frequencymodulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar sensor. The angular measurement results are improved compared to standard beamforming methods using an adaptive beamforming approach. This approach will be applied to the FMCW principle in a way that allows the use of well known methods for the determination of other target parameters like range or velocity. The applicability of the developed theory will be shown on different measurement scenarios using a 24-GHz prototype radar system.

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We present the realization of an frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar target simulator, based on a modulated-reflector radar system. The simulator, designed for the 24 GHz frequency band, uses low-cost modulated-reflector nodes and is capable to simultaneously generate multiple targets in a real-time environment. The realization is based on a modular approach and thus provides a high scalability of the whole system. It is demonstrated that the concept is able to simulate multiple artificial targets, located at user-selectable ranges and even velocities, utilized within a completely static setup. The characterization of the developed hardware shows that the proposed concept allows to dynamically and precisely adjust the radar cross-section of each single target within a dynamic range of 50 dB. Additionally, the provided range-proportional target frequency bandwidth makes the system perfectly suitable for fast and reliable intermediate frequency-chain calibration of multi-channel radar systems. Within this paper we demonstrate the application of the concept for a linear sweeped frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar. The presented approach is applicable to any microwave-based measurement system using frequency differences between transmit- and receive signals for range- and velocity evaluation, such as (non-)linear sweeped as well as pure Doppler radar systems.