BackgroundChest computed tomography (CT) provides an effective modality to evaluate patients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 . However, overlapping imaging findings with cardiogenic pulmonary edema is not uncommon. Reports comparing the chest CT features of these diseases have not been elaborated. Thus, we aimed to show the difference between the low-dose lung CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia and comparing them to those with acute heart failure (HF). MethodsThis retrospective analysis enrolled hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n=10) and acute heart failure (n=9) that exclusively underwent low-dose chest CT scans within 24 hours of admission. Clinical and lung CT characteristics were collected and analyzed. ResultsThe appearance of ground-glass-opacities (GGOs) has been recorded in all individuals in the HF and COVID-19 groups. There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups for rounded morphology, consolidation, crazy paving pattern, lesion distribution, and parenchymal band (P> 0.05). However, diffuse lesions were more frequent in HF cases (55.6% vs. 0%) than in COVID-19 pneumonia, which had a predominantly multifocal pattern. Notably, CT images in HF patients were more likely to have signs of interstitial tissue thickening, such as the interlobular septums, fissures, and peribronchovascular interstitium (55.6% vs 0%, 88.9% vs 20% and 44.4% vs 0%, respectively), as well as cardiomegaly (77.8% vs 0%), increased artery to bronchus ratio (55.6% vs 0%), and pleural effusions (77.8% vs 0%). ConclusionsMajor overlaps of lung CT imaging features existed between COVID-19 pneumonia and acute HF cases. However, signs of fluid redistribution are clues that favor HF over COVID-19 pneumonia.

The outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery are determined by numerous factors. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to short-term outcomes of patients undergoing isolated CABG. This retrospective analysis enrolled all adult patients undergoing isolated CABG at our center between January 2013 and December 2016. Clinical characteristics and postoperative events were recorded and analyzed. Overall, 242 patients (mean age, 59.7 ± 9.5 years) were included. The majority of the patients (88.4%) were men. The median left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 50% ± 15%, with 38% patients having an LVEF lower than 40% and 9.1% having an LVEF lower than 25%. The mean preoperative creatinine level was 1.25 ± 0.73, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was 68.55 ± 23 ml/min/1.73 m2. The intensive cardiac care unit stay and total in-hospital stay were 70 ± 59 h and 8 ± 4 days, respectively. The in-hospital mortality rate was 2.1%. The most common major adverse events were new-onset atrial fibrillation (31.8%) and significant worsening of renal function (21.5%). Stroke occurred in 3.7% patients, for which preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dyslipidemia were strong predictors (P < 0.05; area under the curve [AUC], 87.7%). Advanced age and hypertension were considered significant risk factors for developing new-onset atrial fibrillation (P < 0.05; AUC 65%). Worsening renal function and new-onset atrial fibrillation were the most frequent complications that occurred during hospitalization following CABG. Preexisting CKD and dyslipidemia were the major risk factors for developing acute stroke post surgery. KEYWORDS Acute cerebrovascular events, Chronic kidney disease, Coronary artery bypass grafting, Dyslipidemia.

Background: Lung CT provides an effective modality to evaluate patients with suspected COVID-19. However, overlapping imaging findings with cardiogenic pulmonary oedema have been reported. Reports comparing lung CT features of these diseases have not been elaborated. Thus, we aimed to investigate these gaps in the knowledge regarding low-dose lung CT features of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with those with acute heart failure (HF). Methods: This retrospective analysis enrolled hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n=10) and acute heart failure (n=9) that exclusively underwent low-dose lung CT scans within 24-hours of admission. Clinical and lung CT characteristics were collected and analysed. Results: Ground-glass-opacities (GGO) appearance has been recorded in all subjects in HF and COVID-19 group. There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups for rounded morphology, consolidation, crazy paving pattern, lesion distribution, parenchymal band (P&gt; 0.05). However, diffuse lesions were more frequent in HF cases (55.6% vs. 0%) than in COVID-19 pneumonia, which had predominantly multifocal pattern. Notably, CT images in HF patients were more likely to have signs of interstitial tissue thickening such as the interlobular septums, fissures and peribronchovascular interstitium (55.6% vs 0%, 88.9% vs 20% and 44.4% vs 0%,respectively), as well as cardiomegaly (77.8% vs 0%), increased artery to bronchus ratio (55.6% vs 0%), and pleural effusions (77.8% vs 0%). Conclusions: Major overlaps of lung CT imaging features existed between COVID-19 pneumonia and acute HF cases. However, signs of fluid redistribution are clues that favour HF over COVID-19 pneumonia.

Introduction: Coronary Artery Calcification (CAC) score may give information in cardiovascular risk stratification asymptomatic individuals. Profiles and distribution of CAC scores are still scarce in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of CAC based on age and gender in asymptomatic patients. Methods: Subjects were asymptomatic Asian above 40 years-old undergoing cardiovascular check-up, including Computed Tomography (CT) CAC at Siloam Heart Institute, from April 2018 to August 2019. Data were obtained retrospectively and analyzed statistically with IBM SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 1640 patients were enrolled, with males slightly more than half. The mean age was 55,6 ± 9,6 years, with age group of 50-59 years as the majority (35,9%). Almost half of the subjects had zero CAC score. Around two-thirds of females, particularly below 50 years old, had zero CAC scores. CAC scores >400 were more prevalent in males across all age groups. The majority of healthy males had a CAC score between 0-99. There was a positive correlation between age and CAC scores in both genders. Females with CAC score >400 were found mostly after 70 years old, ten years older than males. CAC score >1000 was more prevalent in older males compared to females. Conclusion: The distribution of CAC score is remarkably affected by age and gender. Zero CAC score is found predominant in our subjects. CAC scores of ≥400 are common in males across all age groups. CAC score >1000 is more exclusively found in the elderly male