In this study, the accuracy of the conventional FH technique was superior to the RO technique. Most malpositioned screws of the RO group showed a lateral deviation. Attachment of the robot to the spine seems a vulnerable aspect potentially leading to screw malposition as well as slipping of the implantation cannula at the screw entrance point.

No abstract

Dynamic stabilization with Cosmic achieved significant improvement of pain, related disability, mental/physical health, and mobility, respectively, and a high rate of satisfied patients. A reoperation rate of 10% during follow-up seems relatively high at first glance. Comparable data, however, are scarce, and a prospective randomized trial (spondylodesis vs. dynamic stabilization) is warranted based on these results.