Solution spectroscopic investigations into the interactions of eight potential bidentate V‐series organophosphorus chemical warfare agent (OP CWA) simulants with [Eu(phen)2(NO3)3]·2H2O demonstrated that the chemical and structural composition of the secondary binding site within the simulant was of paramount importance. Only simulants containing both phosphoryl/phosphonyl and amine moieties generated analogous spectroscopic behaviours to V‐series OP CWAs seen in previous studies. The results demonstrated that the bidentate chelation mechanism was driven by the phosphoryl/phosphonyl moieties and that the presence of the amine moieties induced a significant secondary dynamic luminescence quenching mechanism. The binding modes of the simulants VO and TEEP to trivalent lanthanides (Eu and La) were further investigated using 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopic titrations and kinetic IR experiments. VO, with both the phosphonyl and amine binding sites was found to be the most appropriate simulant for V‐series OP CWAs in supramolecular studies with trivalent lanthanide ions and we recommend VO for use in supramolecular studies of this type.

This is a repository copy of Converting an intensity-based sensor to a ratiometric sensor: luminescence colour switching of an Ir/Eu dyad upon binding of a V-series chemical warfare agent simulant.

The addition of G-and V-series organophosphorus chemical warfare agents and simulants to a paperbased assay of a dual-luminescent Ir(III)/Eu(III) dyad generated different emissive responses between the classes and compound types. The emission responses are complex and based not only on altering the balance between red Eu(III)-based and blue Ir(III)-based luminescent components, but also incorporate other factors such as analyte volatility, concentration and UV absorption. The extent of this emission colour change was analysed colorimetrically and related to the change in RGB output over time. Fig. 4 Colorimetric time response profiles (smoothed data) over 300 seconds by percentage change in each of the R, G and B colour components for neat and 0.05 M VX, VO, GB and DMMP. 7618 | RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 7615-7619 This journal is

Even though the use of microreactors for synthesising classical chemical warfare agents or other compounds scheduled in the CWC (Chemical Weapons Convention) has not been published to date, the new technology has attracted the attention of the organic chemistry group of SPIEZ LABORATORY. Studies of the group show that in a few areas and sectors of chemistry, microreactors can provide a good alternative to the batch procedure. In classic warfare chemistry however, the technology can bring no benefits, since many reactions produce a solid and are thus entirely unsuitable for microreactors.