To examine the effect of high dose vitamin D3 treatment on visceral adipose tissue, we used vitamin D deficient male Wistar rats (18 months old) as a model of sarcopenia. The aging process is not only responsive for the losing muscle mass but also for redistribution of lipid resulting in altered fatty acid storage and dysdifferentiation of mesenchymal precursors. The effect of aging and vitamin D treatment (weekly oral gavage with 0.125 mg vitamin D3 (5000 IU)/100g body weight) on the omental adipose tissue were histological examinated. At the end of the experiment (9 monhs), adaptive changes to the reduction of adipogenesis and increased apoptosis in response to long-term treatment with vitamin D consisted of smaller size of adipocyte and moderate macrophage infiltrate.

Oxidative damage is a biochemical event currently incriminated in the occurrence of many disorders. The range of affections varies, from psychiatric illnesses, like depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer�s disease, for instance, to somatic disorders such as carcinogenesis or diabetes. Moreover, ophthalmological pathology is also affected in their development by the oxidative stress factor. In the present study, we focused on following the changes which occur in the serum of rats exposed to environmental stress conditions (swimming and treadmill exercises) by determinations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) specific activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. There are important biomarkers of oxidative stress, suspected to play a relevant role in the pathology of dry eye syndrome. Our preliminary oxidative stress analysis of the serum, sampled from animals exposed to physical stress in attempt to induce dry eye syndrome pathology, showed that the levels of SOD and GPX enzymes were higher as compared to controls. Also, MDA concentration was decreased with a significant value attributed to the swimmer rats compared to controls.

Topical analgesics currently available still have efficacy, local tolerability and price issues. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a new lidocaine-based spray (CX001) on experimental pain.Safety was assessed by histology examination of skin and liver tissue of CX001-treated mice. The effect of CX001 on nociceptive and inflammatory pain was assessed by periodic evaluation of the rat's response to thermal and mechanical stimuli and compared with EMLA © (reference topical analgesic).CX001-treated mice had no significant skin or liver modification. CX001's analgesic effect was superior to EMLA © in terms of response to mechanical stimuli in both the nociceptive and inflammatory pain model. The two drugs had similar effects in terms of thermal stimuli. Our lidocaine-based innovative formula represents a novel platform for acquiring topical analgesia. CX001 is safe and more effective than the reference cream for mechanically-induced nociceptive and inflammatory pain. RezumatAnalgezicele topice au în continuare probleme de eficacitate, tolerabilitate locală și preț. Scopul studiului este de a evalua eficacitatea unei formule noi bazate pe lidocaină (CX001) în durerea experimentală. Analiza histologică a pielii și țesutului hepatic a fost realizată pentru determinarea siguranței noului compus. CX001 a fost comparat cu EMLA © (analgezic topic de referință), din punct de vedere al efectului asupra durerii nociceptive și inflamatorii prin cuantificarea răspunsului șobolanilor la stimuli termici și mecanici. Nu s-au observat modificări cutanate sau hepatice la analiza microscopică. Efectul CX001 a fost superior comparativ cu EMLA © din punct de vedere al răspunsului la stimuli mecanici atât pentru durerea nociceptivă cât și pentru cea inflamatorie. Răspunsul la stimuli termici a fost similar. Produsul testat aduce îmbunătățiri semnificative în administrarea analgezicelor topice. CX001 este sigur și mai eficient decât produsul de referință pentru durerea indusă de stimuli mecanici.

No abstract

Experimental studies and clinical trials revealed the complex interconnections between imidazoline system and various other mediators such as epinephrine, norepinephrine; thus, explain their involvement in the pathophysiological mechanisms of different motor, behavioral and cognitive disturbances. In this study, we tested the influence induced by idazoxan and efaroxan on the cognitive performances in rats. Groups of 6 adult male Wistar rats were treated intraperitoneally according to the following protocol: group I (Control): distilled water 0.3 ml/100g; group II (IDZ): 3 mg/kg idazoxan and group III (EFR): 1 mg/kg efaroxan. The effects of the imidazoline receptor antagonists on the rats cognitive functions were assessed using the radial-arm maze, in order to count the time spent into the arms, the number of baited arms visited, but previously explored (working memory errors); the time taken to consume all baits and the number of entering in non-baited arms (reference memory errors). The data were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation, and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 Software for Windows, followed by ANOVA one-way method. The administration of IDZ, as well as of EFR was accompanied by a substantial diminution in the number of working memory errors, and the period of time to consume all baits, statistically significant (p[0.01) compared to control group. The use of these two imidazoline receptors antagonists resulted in a considerable decrease in the reference memory errors number, statistically significant (p[0.01) compared to the group treated with distilled water. The influence of IDZ on the evaluated parameters was more accentuated than the effects induced by EFR in all sessions of testing, in this behavioral experimental model. Our findings indicate that treatment with both imidazoline receptor antagonists, idazoxan and efaroxan was associated by a facilitation of the short-term memory retention, an enhancement of discriminative spatial learning, and an improvement of long-term memory performance in radial arm maze in rats.