When is the EU responsible under international law? Is the EU a 'special case' international organisation? The UN General Assembly's adoption of the ILC articles on the International Responsibility of International Organisations was only the catalyst for debate on this topic. In this book, the author examines the legal personality of the EU, how - if at all - its responsibility under international agreements is shared between Member States, and how the international responsibility of the EU relates to its internal responsibilities under EU law. By exploring how in practice such legal regimes as the ILC, UNCLOS, and the WTO have held the EU responsible, this book provides an innovative analysis of a fundamental aspect of the relationship between the EU and international law.

The accession of the European Union (EU) to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) will mark not only the beginning of a new era in terms of the protection of Fundamental Rights in Europe, but also in terms of the EU's participation in international courts and tribunals. Up until now, the EU has never become a party to an international agreement with such a strong adjudicatory body. Therefore, it can be expected that the EU's accession to the ECHR will have important implications for the common assumptions surrounding the relationship between the EU and adjudicatory decision making of international organisations. 1 Furthermore, it cannot be excluded that the articulation of EU participation in the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) will not be replicated in other international agreements with an international court. Consequently, the examination of the mechanism envisaging the EU's participation in ECtHR proceedings undoubtedly raises many interesting issues as regards the EU's external representation. There are many noteworthy questions concerning the relationship between the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and the ECtHR in institutional and substantive terms. This paper focuses on an institutional matter, namely, the EU's locus standi in the ECtHR. More precisely, it examines how the draft Accession Agreement 2 deals with the participation of the EU in the  Lecturer in Law, University of Durham, United Kingdom. The author would like to thank Vasiliki Kosta and Vassilis Tzevelekos for their useful comments and suggestions. The usual disclaimer applies.

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, Madrid ESTUDIOS J. ROLDÁN BARBERO La aplicación territorial del derecho de la Unión Europea y el derecho internacional C. ARANGÜENA FANEGO Emisión y ejecución en España de órdenes europeas de protección D. ORDÓÑEZ SOLÍS ¿Cómo se derivan entre las administraciones españolas las responsabilidades nancieras por el incumplimiento del derecho de la Unión Europea?