Global atmospheric warming and rising ocean temperatures can contribute to the acceleration of glacier melting and influence the generation and physical characteristics of sediment flows in bays and fjords of the Antarctic Peninsula. During the First Scientific Expedition of Colombia to the Antarctic, carried out between January and February 2015, hydrographic variables (temperature, salinity, pressure and turbidity) were measured in the water column, from very close to the main glacier front towards the offshore, on 5 bays of the Danco Coast, Western Antarctic Peninsula. Glacimarine sediment plumes from the tidewater glacier were identified in all bays, however, with varying spatial extensions as well as the concentration of sediments, being those of the central area of the Danco Coast, the most extensive and concentrated. By comparison with previous years, in this work higher average particle concentrations were recorded. The greater flow of glaciomarine sediments could be associated with greater glacial melting, among other possible factors
The variability in sediment concentration and spatial distribution of meltwater discharges from tidewater glaciers can be used to elucidate climatic evolution and glacier behaviour due to the association between sediment yield and glacier retreat (e.g. Domack & McClennen 1996). In an accelerated deglaciation environment, higher sediment concentrations in the water column can change the glacimarine costal dynamics and affect productivity and sea floor ecosystems (e.g. Marín et al. 2013). In the Antarctic Peninsula Region, meltwater or turbid plumes were previously believed to be rare or without an important role in the sedimentary glacimarine environment (e.g. Griffith & Anderson 1989), but recent studies have shown that this is a common phenomenon in subpolar and transition polar climates (Yoo et al. 2015, Rodrigo et al. 2016). In the current climate change scenario, accelerated glacier retreats and mass losses can produce an increasing input of glacial meltwater into the fjord regions, a situation that is not yet well evaluated in the Antarctic Peninsula. In this short note, after in situ observation of an unusual waterfall from the southern side of the main western tidewater glacier (Shoesmith Glacier) of Horseshoe Island (Lystad Bay), Marguerite Bay (Fig. 1), we report high turbidity values associated with plumes from the glacier, whose values were higher than reported data from subpolar/transition polar Antarctic climates.
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