The last couple of decades has seen an increasing interest in molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) studies. Hypomineralized defects can have several consequences such as hypersensitivity, increased dental plaque accumulation, and consequently higher caries risk. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MIH and its association with dental caries in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil. A random cluster sample of schoolchildren was selected. Clinical examinations were carried out to collect information on MIH (following the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria), dental caries (using the DMF-T index) and gingivitis. Socioeconomic, demographic and behavior variables were collected using a standardized questionnaire answered by the children’s parents/caregivers. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression analysis with robust variance through a hierarchical approach (p<0.05). A total of 513 schoolchildren were included in the study. MIH and caries prevalence was 19.7% and 31.6%, respectively. The mean age was 11.6 (+1.9) years. Dental caries was more prevalent in children with MIH (PR 1.39; 95% CI 1.05 - 1.85). Older children and children whose families were enrolled in conditional cash transference programs (PR 1.97 95% CI 1.47 - 2.64), and children who did not have their mother or father as the head of the family (PR 1.56 95% CI 1.06 - 2.30) presented a higher prevalence of dental caries. Our findings suggest that children with MIH are more likely to have dental caries.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of non-invasive and micro-invasive treatments in active enamel carious lesions in high-caries-risk children. Clinical records of children treated in a dental school setting were retrospectively screened for active enamel carious lesions treated non-invasively (topical fluoride applications, oral hygiene instruction, or dietary guidance) or micro-invasively (sealant). The control of active carious lesions was set as the main outcome established by the combination of inactivation and non-progression of the lesions based on Nyvad and ICDAS criteria, respectively. Individual and clinical factors associated with the outcome were analyzed by Poisson regression. The sample consisted of 105 high-caries-risk children with a mean age of 8.3 (± 2.4) years. From a total of 365 active enamel carious lesions, most lesions (84.1%) were active non-cavitated carious lesions (ICDAS scores 1 and 2) and only 15.9% presented localized enamel breakdown (ICDAS score 3). Of these, 72.6% were inactivated and 92.1% did not progress (mean time of 6.5 ± 4.1 months). The prevalence of controlled carious lesions was higher among children older than 6 years (PR:1.43; 95%CI:1.00-2.03; p = 0.04) and in those with better biofilm control (PR:0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99; p = 0.03). Non-operative approaches are effective for controlling active enamel carious lesions. The majority of active enamel carious lesions became inactive and did not progress after treatment. Caries control was associated with older children and better biofilm control.

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RESUMODescrever o perfil epidemiológico de mulheres que sofreram violência física, bem como caracterizar suas lesões físicas. Estudo transversal a partir de dados secundários obtidos de laudos periciais da 3a Coordenadoria Médico Legal de Pelotas/RS, de janeiro/2014 a dezembro/2014. Foram analisados 1.330 laudos, sendo 1.164 de mulheres residentes em Pelotas. A cada 1.000 mulheres de 12-44 anos, 10 foram vítimas de violência; 60,6% mulheres de 20-44 anos, a maioria solteira (74,6%) e de cor branca (85,2%). O período de primavera/verão foi o de maior prevalência, correspondendo a 57% dos laudos. As regiões do corpo mais atingidas foram face e cabeça (36,4%) e membros superiores (45,8%). O delineamento do perfil epidemiológico das mulheres vitimadas e sua correta notificação permitem uma melhor abordagem da problemática violência contra mulher, destacando a importância do cirurgião-dentista no atendimento integral e humanizado. Fundamenta-se assim a abordagem do tema violência contra mulher nos cursos de graduação de Odontologia.Descritores: Epidemiologia. Violência contra a mulher. Políticas públicas. ABSTRACTTo describe the epidemiological profile of women who have suffered violence and to characterize their physical injuries. A transversal study was conducted based on secondary data obtained from expert reports in the 3rd Regional Coordination of Health of Pelotas, from January/2014 to December/2014. Of 1,330 reports analyzed, 1,164 were related to women living in Pelotas. In one thousand women aged 12-44 years, around 10 were victims of violence during the study period; 60.6% women aged 20-44 years, most single (74.6%) and white (85.2%). The spring/summer period was the most prevalent indicating 57% of reports. Face and head (36.4%) and upper limbs (45.8%) were more frequently hitted. The blunt instrument was present in 88.9% of the cases and 8.4% were without information. The epidemiological profile of victimized women and their proper notification allow a better approach to domestic violence, highlighting the importance of the dentist in full and humanized care. It is based on this the approach violence against women in the undergraduate courses in Dentistry.