Buttermilk is a by-product obtained from the batting insertion in the process of obtaining cream and butter and it is constituted by fat globules which are surrounded by milk fat globule membranes (MFGMs). During the stirring process, the membrane is ruptured and the various components present therein are released. Because it has a high nutritional content and low cost, buttermilk has drawn attention in the prospect of new forms of application. In addition, its disposal is expensive and not biologically viable. The objective of this work is to present a compilation of the technological and biological activities of buttermilk. Among the technological properties, it is worth mentioning its application as in the production of functional foods, a conduit for the incorporation of probiotics, inhibition of bacterial adherence on industrial surfaces, as well as the encapsulation of easily degraded activities and fermentative processes. Among the biological properties, its antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities stand out. In conclusion, the reuse of buttermilk is economically and sustainably viable and encourages increasing research related to its use.
Introdução: A Espectroscopia Fotoacústica (PAS) é uma técnica que permite a obtenção de espectros de absorção óptica de sólidos, líquidos e gases. A medição in vitro do Fator de Proteção Solar (FPS) via PAS apresenta-se como promissora, pois permite a obtenção do espectro de absorção UV do protetor solar, independente da natureza do filtro, orgânico ou inorgânico. Objetivo: Correlacionar o FPS de protetores solares com seus respectivos espectros fotoacústicos, visando a aplicação da PAS para a análise in vitro de FPS. Metodologia: O espectro fotoacústico foi medido na região do UV (280-400nm) para protetores solares de três marcas diferentes. Resultados e Discussão: A marca A obteve o melhor desempenho para o FPS 60, diminuindo no 50 e mantendo a sua curva linear no FPS 15 e 30; a marca B teve sua curva linear até o FPS 50 diminuindo em 60, e para a marca C o FPS com a maior área integrada foi o de FPS 30, diminuindo sua intensidade em 50. Conclusão: Não observou-se um um comportamento linear em relação ao espectro de PAS e os protetores solares analisados, fato que pode estar relacionado com a fotoestabilidade dos filtros e a interação dos mesmos com a pele.
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