A amputação leva a uma série de alterações funcionais na biomecânica corporal, gerando padrões alterados de postura e de marcha para compensar a perda do membro, sendo possível através da análise cinemática identificar as compensações e adequar o padrão de marcha. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as alterações cinemáticas da marcha, em pacientes protetizados em nível transfemoral, considerando os valores da normalidade e do membro não afetado. Estudo descritivo, observacional, comparativo, transversal, no qual participaram 7 indivíduos, com idade média de 59 anos, com amputação transfemoral, já protetizados. Os pacientes foram selecionados na Clínica de Fisioterapia da Universidade de Caxias do Sul. Para análise da cinemática da marcha foi utilizado o Laboratório de Análises biomecânicas do Movimento Humano da Instituição, seguindo o protocolo descrito por Laroche. Para análise de dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e teste t pareado e one sample (p<0,05). Observaram-se inúmeras alterações na cinemática angular e linear destes indivíduos, tanto entre membros, quanto comparando com a normalidade, porém somente a flexão de quadril quando comparada com a normalidade mostrou diferença significativa estatística (p=0,009). O estudo indicou que existem alterações importantes na cinemática da marcha em amputados transfemorais comparando à normalidade e com o membro contralateral. Estas alterações podem estar relacionadas às questões de insegurança, falta de equilíbrio, propriocepção e instabilidade no membro afetado sobre a prótese, entre outros fatores musculoesqueléticos e biomecânicos ocasionados pela mudança do membro fisiológico pelo mecânico.Palavras-chave: Marcha. Amputação. Membros Artificiais.AbstractAmputation leads to a series of functional alterations on the corporal biomechanics and these generate altered posture patterns and the march as well. This is because it is necessary to compensate the loss of a limb. The objective of the study herein was to peform akinematic analysis to identify the compensation and to adequate the march pattern as well as the kinematic alterations of the march on prosthetic limb patients regarding transfemoral issues taking into account the values of normality and the non-affected limb. It was a descriptive , observational, comparative and transversal studies in which 7 people with an average age of 59 years old participated. These people are tranfemoral amputees and they are already prosthetic-limb users. The patients were selected at the Physiotherapy Clinic of the Universidade of Caxias do Sul. The kinematic analysis took place at the Laboratory of Biomechanics and Human Movements and the protocol described by Laroche was followed. The data analysis was based on the paired t- test and on the one sample (p<0,05). Various alterations were observed on angular and linear kinematic of these persons. These alterations were noted as much among members as when comparing to normality but only the hip flexion, when compared to normality, showed significant statistics (p= 0,009). The study indicated that there are important alterations in the kinematic march in trasfemoral amputees compared to normality and compared to the contralateral limb. These alterations might be associated with insecurity, lack of balance confidence, proprioception, and instability of the limb affected on the prosthesis among other skeletal muscle system and biomechanic factors caused by the replacement of the physiological member by the mechanical one.Keywords: Gait. Amputation. Artificial Limbs.
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