This paper proposes a novel multiple-input bidirectional DC-DC power converter to interface more than two dc sources of different voltage levels. This finds applications in hybrid electric/fuel cell vehicles, where different dc sources of unequal voltage levels need to be connected with bidirectional power flow capability. Converter can be used to operate in both the buck and boost modes with bidirectional power control. It is also possible to independently control power flow between any two sources when more than two sources are actively transferring power in either direction. The operation, analysis and design of the converter are presented with different modes of power transfer. Proposed converter is demonstrated for fuel cell vehicle application using real-time hardware-in-the-loop system. Experimental results for a 5kW system are presented validating the theoretical analysis. Index Terms-DC-DC Power converter, multiple-input converter, Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV).I.

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A hybrid control strategy for the energy management of the microgrid system consisting of a number of electric vehicles and other energy sources is proposed in this paper. The main focus of this paper is on optimal control of power flow by scheduling and demand side management of energy generation system and the load by utilizing electric vehicles' energy storage system. The features of a centralized control and distributed control are combined into the proposed hybrid control strategy to improve the efficiency and reliability of the microgrid system consisting of electric vehicle charging stations. Cost of power generation and value of load equations are presented to compute a "situational aware" power balance. Simulated results utilizing these equations are presented for a residential scale proof-ofconcept system.