The general principles of the HIL models formation in the design of an ABS-featuring vehicle braking system are considered. The proposed modular principle of compiling a mathematical model of subsystems allows improving the model by the iterative method, which makes it possible to add or remove blocks, change their mathematical content, while maintaining the composition of formal relationships for a complete description of the object. The iterative process continues until a model has been obtained to solve the problem, which can be considered the most fully reflecting the physical and temporal processes taking place in real objects. Virtual physical simulation data help to adjust model parameters, apply numerical optimization, explore alternative scenarios for controller bandwidth, test development sensitivity, and study other factors. The application of this method also makes it possible to compare different implementations of control systems on different boards, analyze the development and evaluate the trade-offs. Thus, developers will be able to verify that the embedded system works exactly as planned, before its final implementation. This technology makes it possible to combine field systems with a mathematical description of the dynamics of ongoing processes and phenomena. At the same time, the Virtual Physical Modeling Technology, unlike the commercial Hardware-in-the-loop systems, is not tied to the hardware of any particular manufacturer.

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The problem of improving road safety is currently one of the most significant in the automotive industry. One of the promising ways to improve road safety is the development and introducing of intelligent active safety systems for automobiles. To solve the problem of improving safety, world leaders in the automotive industry are actively engaged in the development and implementation of intelligent control systems that provide control over the movement of the car and can partially intervene in driving. The article is devoted to the effectiveness of the automatic emergency braking system in accordance with the climatic and road conditions of Russia. The report discusses the problems of determining the coupling properties of the wheels of a car with a road on various surfaces, discusses the problems of predicting braking distance. Options for improving forecasting and building algorithms for the automatic emergency braking system are considered.

Every year the number of cars in the world is steadily growing, which in turn leads to an increase in road accidents. Russia, as the largest country by area in the world, has a number of traffic-related features that are not typical for other regions, including changing road and climatic conditions. The sharp increase in the number of accidents in the first hours after precipitation is especially noticeable, that indicates the difficulty to adapt to the changing traffic situation for vehicle drivers. More than 60% of collisions, according to the traffic police databases for 2018-2019, occur due to incorrect predictions by drivers of the braking distance of their cars. As a rule, this can happen due to the inexperience of the driver, incorrect assessment of the current adhesion properties of the roadway, distraction to a mobile phone, the climate or multimedia system of the car, movement with insufficient visibility. Preventing collisions occurring in such scenarios is the main task of an intelligent driver assistance system such as the automatic emergency braking system. The main part of this system is an adequate assessment of dynamically changing road and climatic conditions and warning the driver of a possible collision hazard, as well as automatic action on the vehicle’s brake drive to prevent a collision. The article describes control algorithms for assessing and predicting dangerous situations.

The subject of the analytical review is the power units of electric vehicles using hydrogen fuel cells. A prerequisite of the research is the ever-increasing urgency of developing vehicles with zero emission of carbon dioxide and other harmful substances. Materials are taken both from open sources of information (Internet) and from scientifically reliable sources of information (peer-reviewed publications). The scientific methods of performing this analysis include an informative review of sources. Originality lies in the choice of the topic and the findings from the analysis. As a result of the analytical review the tendencies of the automobile market development have been revealed; the technical advantages of hydrogen fuel cells as compared to batteries have been given; the conclusions have been drawn about the availability of the programs of carbon dioxide emission reduction in the European Union, the USA, Japan, China, Korea as well as about the readiness of the technology of the fuel cells use in the traction electric drive for the introduction, including the patenting of the technologies by the leading automobile manufacturers; the most promising segments of transport for this purpose have been described. The results of the analysis are applicable to the design of electric vehicles and their power plants by vehicle designers and manufacturers.