Experimental modeling of myocardial infarction in rats was carried out by ligation of the anterior intergastric artery after the first division. There were 3 groups of 20 animals each: control group I — to verify normal parameters, group II — a model of myocardial infarction, and group III — animals which, after modeling myocardial infarction, underwent transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells. The level of lipid peroxidation products — diene conjugates and malondialdehyde — was studied by spectrophotometry. Comparison of the content and their ratio in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of myocardiocytes was carried out. It turned out that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells significantly levels the activation of lipid peroxidation processes in subcellular fractions of cardiomyocytes, which is accompanied by a decrease in the primary and secondary products of oxidative stress. The ratio of malondialdehyde to diene conjugates both in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes after transplantation returned to control values. This indicates the normalization of physiological processes with underlying ischemic heart damage. The results indicate the cytoprotective effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and the preservation of a larger number of cell pools, compared with the control group of animals that did not receive any treatment.

The purpose of this work was to study the role of transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and pancreatic beta cells (BCs) in metabolism of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) and myocardial infarction (MI). The animals formed 4 groups, 24 in each: control group - healthy Wistar-Kyoto animals, which served as the norm for the studied parameters; group 1 in which animals with diabetes mellitus had a myocardial infarction simulated by ligation of the left gastric artery after the first branch; group 2 – rats with the model of MI and DM which, on the day 2 after the modeling, had transplantation of rat mesenchymal stem cells taken from the bone marrow of tubular bones; group 3 – rats with DM+MI model which received transplantation of MSCs and rat pancreatic BCs on the day 2 after the modeling. We dynamically studied the activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzymes, creatine kinase-MB, blood plasma lactate dehydrogenase, and haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin proteins. The study revealed that cardiomyoplasty with MSCs caused a positive metabolic effect. MSC transplantation is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of ADA and LDH enzymes in the damaged myocardium, which indirectly indicates an increase in the energy balance of energy-forming substrates and a decrease in the degree of myocardial ischemia. A decrease in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and the tension of the non-enzymatic antioxidant protection is a good prognostic criterion for the restoration of the functional activity of the damaged myocardium. The transplantation of a mixed culture of MSCs and pancreatic BCs makes it possible to fully compensate for carbohydrate metabolism, to achieve the best performance in the studied groups in terms of lipid peroxidation regulation and activation of the antioxidant system.