Objective To measure the renal resistive index (RI, an estimate of renal vascular resistance, used to assess upper tract obstructive uropathy) from the last trimester of pregnancy to the sixth month of life in a large series of healthy subjects, and thus to identify normal values that can be used routinely. During the first semester of life significant haemodynamic changes during the physiological development of the kidney cause considerable variability in RI, which is thus considered less reliable in this period. Subjects and methods From September 1998 to October 1999, 93 subjects (186 renal units, RU) were enrolled; 32 were fetuses in the last trimester of pregnancy (group 1, 64 RU) and 61 were children (122 RU), 30 aged 0-1 month (group 2, 60 RU), 20 aged 1-3 months (group 3, 40 RU) and 11 aged 3-6 months (group 4, 22 RU). All subjects underwent colour Doppler ultrasonography and the RI of the renal artery was measured for each kidney.Results The RI was very high in group 1 but decreased noticeably during the first 6 months of life, reaching values similar to those in adults after the third month. The variability in RI continuously declined with age, becoming less important. The normal ranges for groups 1-4 were 0.67-0.88, 0.57-0.90, 0.60-0.84 and 0.65-0.75, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the left and right kidneys. Conclusion In the first semester of life there is more than one landmark value of RI depending on the month of age of the infant. This should be considered when assessing upper tract obstructive uropathies after birth and the RI should be compared with the normal ranges reported herein.

Gastric biopsies, and measurements of fasting serum gastrin levels and titers of antihuman parietal cell antibodies have been performed in 65 unselected patients with vitiligo. Histologic evidence of autoimmune atrophic gastritis has been obtained in 10 cases (15 %), who were all positive for the antibodies and who had elevated gastrin levels. The study of gastric secretion after pentagastrin stimulation, performed in 7 of these patients, showed a markedly reduced acid output. The present study provides definite evidence of the association of autoimmune atrophic gastritis with a proportion of vitiligo cases and suggests the need for surveillance of these patients in terms of gastric neoplasia.

No abstract

No abstract

ABSTRAKTujuan Penelitian Untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu hamil trimestrer II dan III Di Kemukiman Busu Kecamatan Mutiara Barat Kabupaten Pidie Tahun 2018. Desain Penelitian ini bersifat Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan mulai tanggal 27 Oktober  sampai 08 November 2017. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh ibu hamil trimester II dan III berjumlah 35 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian menggunakan teknik total populasi berjumlah 35 orang. Berdasarkan Hasil penelitian menunjukan, Pengetahuan ibu hamil mayoritas berpengetahuan kurang sebanyak 16 responden (45,7%). Penatalaksanaan Breast Care mayoritas melaksanakan perawatan payudara sebanyak 18 responden (51,4%). Hasil analisa statistic menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan nilai P value = 0,002 < 0,05 hal tersebut berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, maka Ada Hubungan antara Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Trimester II dan III Dengan Penatalaksanaan Breast Care.  Kata kunci         : Pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester II  dan III,  Penatalaksanaan breast care