The presented results of scientific research are aimed at increasing the efficiency of trenching for laying the utility lines using new less energy-consuming technologies of excavating the soil with the working equipment of multi-scraper excavators. The proposed method of determining the efficient operating modes for excavators when digging a trench is based on the idea of cutting the soil with the blades at a critical depth level, which guarantees consumption of minimum specific energy and maximum efficiency of the machine. This becomes possible if the operation of such blades is provided with the absolute values and the ratio of the speeds of cutting and submitting the working body into the face. To determine the efficient modes of multi-scraper excavators and the size of their edge side blades, the conditions of their effective unloading were identified and the patterns of changing the soil movement over the surface of unloading scrapers depending on the time of unloading were determined. For the same purpose, the dependences of the blocked cutting speed on the trench width were determined and the technical performance of the excavator was specified on the basis of determining the soil bearing capacity for one group of blades. It is found that the time of unloading the soil from the scrapers very slightly depends on their angular velocity within its change in the unloading zone. On this basis, the maximum angular speed of the scrapers is determined. The identified indicators are related to the width of the edge side blades performing asymmetric locked cutting, whose dimensions were determined by calculations. The obtained efficient operating modes of scraper trench excavators and the size of their edge side blades allow developing practical recommendations for improving the working equipment of excavators of this type

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Today the strategy of human development should predominate on a scale of the state. In fact the formation and the progress of the nation, and therefore of the state itself, are possible only if all the necessary favorable conditions for the self-development and self-realization of each individual are created. The author examines the current state of the development of sport and its relevance. The attention is focused on the development of sport, as one of the priority issues of state policy of Ukraine. The author covers thorny questions of problematics of involvement of youth in sports activities, tasks of the existing sport system in Ukraine. The legal framework, state legislative acts, materials of state institutions, social polls, conclusions of specialists in the sphere of sports, sports observers are used for the research. The author emphasizes the need of the solution of a number of existing problems at the state level and creations of necessary conditions for sport progress in Ukraine. The use of international practices is suggested and recommendations are given for taking concrete steps in the creation of an effective model for the development of sport that is provided on condition of the active participation of the state and society.

This article is concerned with the physical substance of the interaction between the skid of the multipurpose earthmoving machines implement and the surface of the soil excavation and experimental determination of the power load parameters of the skid as a factor that ensures the cource stability of the machine during the excavation process. Study object: process of the power loading of the skid in the rotary implement of the multipurpose earthmoving machine. Objective: determination of the physical substance and values of the power load parameters for the skid in the rotary implement of the multipurpose earthmoving machine. Method – the experiment on the physical model of the implement. The experimental determination of the value and beavior of the power load on the skid of the machine’s implement during excavation in the mode of reciprocating approach in the absence of proven calculation methods should be concider the only way to evaluate the load on perticular assembly as well as on the machine as a whole. This is necessary for power balance evaluation for the machine that works in the soil excavation mode and for the determination of the course stability of the machine During the study we have concluded that the values of the skid power load components (longitudal, transverse, vertical) are mainly determined by forming and movement of the soil traction prism that spills to the bottom of the excavation during digging. To the outmost this effect manifests near the walls of the excavation that causes the plated shape of the skid bearing surface which ensures it’s ‘emersion’ above the prism of the spilled soil. We have determined the dependancy of the skid load forces from kinematic characteristics of the implements translation modes during excavation. The consistent pattern that we have detected allows to minimize the power load of the skid by tweaking the duration of the implements additional turn at the end of each half-cycle which leads to the increase of the course stability during creation of the of the wide excavations.