Hybrid organic–inorganic networks that incorporate chiral molecules have attracted great attention due to their potential in semiconductor lighting applications and optical communication. Here, we introduce a chiral organic molecule (R)/(S)-1-cyclohexylethylamine (CHEA) into bismuth-based lead-free structures with an edge-sharing octahedral motif, to synthesize chiral lead-free (R)/(S)-CHEA4Bi2Br x I10–x crystals and thin films. Using single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements and density functional theory calculations, we identify crystal and electronic band structures. We investigate the materials’ optical properties and find circular dichroism, which we tune by the bromide–iodide ratio over a wide wavelength range, from 300 to 500 nm. We further employ transient absorption spectroscopy and time-correlated single photon counting to investigate charge carrier dynamics, which show long-lived excitations with optically induced chirality memory up to tens of nanosecond timescales. Our demonstration of chirality memory in a color-tunable chiral lead-free semiconductor opens a new avenue for the discovery of high-performance, lead-free spintronic materials with chiroptical functionalities.
Antiferromagnets are promising materials for future opto-spintronic applications since they show spin dynamics in the THz range and no net magnetization. Recently, layered van der Waals (vdW) antiferromagnets have been reported, which combine low-dimensional excitonic properties with complex spin-structure. While various methods for the fabrication of vdW 2D crystals exist, formation of large area and continuous thin films is challenging because of either limited scalability, synthetic complexity, or low opto-spintronic quality of the final material. Here, we fabricate centimeter-scale thin films of the van der Waals 2D antiferromagnetic material NiPS3, which we prepare using a crystal ink made from liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). We perform statistical atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize and control the lateral size and number of layers through this ink-based fabrication. Using ultrafast optical spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures, we resolve the dynamics of photoexcited excitons. We find antiferromagnetic spin arrangement and spin-entangled Zhang-Rice multiplet excitons with lifetimes in the nanosecond range, as well as ultranarrow emission line widths, despite the disordered nature of our films. Thus, our findings demonstrate scalable thin-film fabrication of high-quality NiPS3, which is crucial for translating this 2D antiferromagnetic material into spintronic and nanoscale memory devices and further exploring its complex spin-light coupled states.
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