Latar belakang. Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kematian pada anak usia di bawah 5 tahun di dunia. Di Indonesia, prevalensi pneumonia pada anak di bawah usia 5 tahun mencapai 18,5 per mil. Paparan asap rokok merupakan salah satu faktor risiko pneumonia. Tujuan. Membuktikan hubungan paparan asap rokok terhadap pneumonia berat pada anak usia di bawah 5 tahun.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus kontrol di Rumah Sakit Atma Jaya. Kelompok kasus didefinisikan sebagai anak usia di bawah 5 tahun dengan pneumonia berat, sedangkan kontrol merupakan anak dengan pneumonia sesuai klasifikasi WHO. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap orangtua responden untuk mendapatkan data paparan asap rokok. Analisis data menggunakan metode chi-square dan regresi logistik dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,05.Hasil. Penelitian ini melibatkan 67 responden, terdiri dari 34 kasus dan 33 kontrol. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara paparan asap rokok dengan pneumonia berat. Keberadaan perokok (p=0,000), jumlah perokok di rumah (p=0,000), perilaku orangtua merokok di dalam rumah (p=0,001) dan kepadatan rumah (p=0,012) merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap kejadian pneumonia berat pada anak usia di bawah 5 tahun.Kesimpulan. Paparan asap rokok dan kepadatan rumah merupakan faktor risiko pneumonia berat untuk anak usia di bawah 5 tahun.
Nutritional status and parenting styles are two factors that are thought to affect children’s quality of life. This study aimed to assess the relationship between parenting styles, nutritional status, and quality of life of children aged 8-12 years. This cross-sectional observational analytic study used data collected from November 2020 to January 2021 using the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) that were distributed in the form of e-questionnaire . The analysis tests used were the Spearman and logistic regression tests with a level of significance of 0.05. The results of the Spearman test showed that there was no correlation between parenting style and quality of life (p = 0.882) and between the nutritional status and quality of life (p = 0.568). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of parenting (p = 0.437; 95% CI = 0.607–3.174; OR = 1.388) and nutritional status (p = 0.432; 95% CI = 0.504–1.341; OR = 0.822) were not associated with quality of life. Thus, there is no significant relationship between parenting patterns and children's nutritional status on the quality of life of children aged 8-12 years.
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