Diabetes is a chronic disease that leads to abnormal carbohydrate digestion and hyperglycemia. The long-term use of marketed drugs results in secondary infections and side effects that demand safe and natural substitutes for synthetic drugs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of compounds from the leaves of Tradescantia pallida. Thirteen phenolic compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate fraction of leaves of Tradescantia pallida using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The compounds were then studied for the type of interactions between polyphenols and human α-glucosidase protein using molecular docking analysis. Prime Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) calculations were performed to measure the binding free energies responsible for the formation of ligand–protein complexes. The compounds were further investigated for the thermodynamic constraints under a specified biological environment using molecular dynamic simulations. The flexibility of the ligand–protein systems was verified by Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD), Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) and molecular interactions. The results authenticated the antidiabetic potential of polyphenols identified from the leaves of Tradescantia pallida. Our investigations could be helpful in the design of safe antidiabetic agents, but further in vitro and in vivo investigations are required.

Background: Globally, COVID-19 pandemic has drastically trembled day to day activities, including education. Objective: This study aims to assess students studying at pharmacy institutes that are located in Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: An online cross-sectional survey was performed from 25th August to 25th December, 2020 in order to collect the data from students. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version: 25) was used to commute descriptive statistics and independent t-test. Results: Total 471 responses were received out of which 261 (55.4%) females and 210 (44.6%) males participated in this study. The majority of population 429 (91.1%) belonged to Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D) in comparison to 33 (6%) M.Phil./MS and 9 (1.9%) PhD scholars. The summary of the results with maximum response against each question is: 201 (42.7%) participants were not satisfied by e-lectures, 435 (92.4%) had internet availability, 354 (75.2%) replied they were guided before switching to online teaching, 201 (42.7%) claimed they understood e-lectures thoroughly, 420 (89.2%) faced internet and voice interruptions, 420 (89.2%) said their lab and research work got disturbed during pandemic, 261 (55.4%) were satisfied with their assessment, 273 (58%) said that pandemic had affected  their mental health and 366 (77.7%) students were optimistic and wished they could  study physically in their institutes. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic affects the education system in a worst possible way. Once this pandemic is over, proper policies should be developed by the government and pharmacy institutes to facilitate students regarding clinical rounds, industrial internships and retail rotations so they can perform well in their professional field.