Bean lines MD 806, MD 807, MD 820, MD 829, MD 808, and MD 821, all with high levels of resistance to bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV), were selected under field conditions. On a 1 to 9 scale (1 = symptomless plant; 9 = severe symptoms), the mean disease severity of the MD lines ranged from 1.7 to 3.9 for mosaic symptom (foliar yellowing) and from 1.7 to 2.2 for malformation. In contrast, disease severity in the susceptible cultivars Carioca, Carnaval, and Iapar 20 ranged from 4.1 to 8.7 for mosaic and from 4.0 to 7.3 for malformation. Symptoms on the selected lines were expressed later than on susceptible controls. The MD lines yielded 1.2- to 5.9-fold the yield of the cultivars Carioca and Iapar 20. Under greenhouse conditions, reactions of the bean genotypes to BGMV were similar to those observed in the field. MD 806 and MD 807 were obtained from early crosses involving genotypes that reacted to BGMV infection with mild mosaic (Aeté 1/38 and TMD-1) and mild malformation (Porrillo Sintético and Turrialba 1). Parents of the lines MD 820 and MD 829 were Phaseolus coccineus (of unknown reaction to BGMV) and Carioca. Line MD 648 (DOR-selected line) was the ancestral parent of lines MD 808 and MD 821, which had the highest levels of resistance or tolerance to BGMV. Severity of all BGMV symptoms showed gradual reductions from the earliest parents to their later selected progenies. Responses of the parent genotypes and progenies to BGMV infection suggest a combination of resistance characters in the selected MD lines. MD 806, MD 820, and MD 821 were released in the state of Paraná under the names Iapar 57, Iapar 72, and Iapar 65, respectively.
Em lavouras de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) da cultivar Carioca Comum, no município de Londrina, Estado do Paraná, foram encontradas plantas com sintomas de necrose da haste, mosaico clorótico leve e porte reduzido, semelhantes aos sintomas causados por infecção viral. Exames de microscopia eletrônica revelaram a presença de partículas isométricas. Em testes de imunodifusão dupla em gel de ágar os extratos foliares de plantas infetadas reagiram positivamente com anti-soro específico para o Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV). O vírus foi purificado e a massa molecular de sua proteína capsidial foi estimada em 30 kDa, valor esperado para proteínas do capsídeo de vírus do gênero Sobemovirus. A gama de hospedeiras do SBMV isolado no Paraná foi restrita ao feijoeiro e a algumas cultivares de soja (Glycine max). A separação de dois vírus isométricos comuns em infecções mistas no feijoeiro foi possível através da reação de imunidade ao SBMV apresentada por Crotalaria sp, Chenopodium quinoa e Mucuna deeringiana, e da reação de susceptibilidade dessas mesmas hospedeiras ao Bean rugose mosaic virus (BRMV).
-This work was carried out in order to identify Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotypes present in the state of Paraná and to determine their geographical distribution and host plants. About 50 adults were collected in several host crops, weeds and ornamental plants in North, Northwest, Northeast, West and Central areas of the state, from January to May, 1998 and 1999. The species were identified by means of RAPD-PCR, using the primer Operon H-16. Whitefly populations were detected mainly from February on, in both years, seldom achieving more than one adult per leaf. The insect was found in only 66% of the sampled areas. Bean golden mosaic was almost never observed during the pe-
Nas áreas produtoras de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) do Estado do Paraná observa-se anualmente a ocorrência do vírus do mosaico em desenho do feijoeiro (Bean rugose mosaic virus, BRMV), principalmente em infecções mistas com o vírus do mosaico dourado do feijoeiro (Bean golden mosaic virus, BGMV), acarretando maior severidade de sintomas e causando perdas na produção. Recentemente constatou-se a presença do vírus do mosaico severo do caupi (Cowpea severe mosaic virus, CPSMV) associado a sintomas de queima do broto em plantações de soja (Glycine max) na região de Londrina, sendo este um fato novo no Estado. Neste trabalho, parte do RNA2 de dois comovirus isolados de soja no Paraná foram clonados e sequenciados, sendo 600 pares de bases (pb) do BRMV-PR e 594 pb do CPSMV-PR. Posteriormente, as seqüências correspondentes de aminoácidos foram comparadas com seis seqüências de vírus do gênero Comovirus depositadas no GenBank. Com base nestes dados observou-se que o segmento do RNA2 do isolado CPSMV-PR apresentou homologia de 85% com parte de uma seqüência já conhecida do RNA2 do CPSMV, enquanto que o segmento do RNA2 do isolado BRMV-PR apresentou homologia de 39% com o CPSMV, e de 44% com o Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). Este trabalho apresenta pela primeira vez dados de sequenciamento parcial do BRMV, o que poderá contribuir para sua completa caracterização molecular e para o estabelecimento de estratégias para obtenção de plantas resistentes ao vírus.
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