The capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L. is a typical bird species inhabiting structurally diverse coniferous forests. To increase the habitat quality of capercaillie leks, experimentally the habitat restoration in degraded ecosystems has been practiced. The main habitat restoration events are related to the reversion of hydrological regime and understorey layer management. The aim of this study was to find out how the management of lek sites-mowing of Ledum palustre L. and ground vegetation-promotes the regeneration of the vegetation typical of the capercaillie leks. Three sample plot blocks of 10x30 m have been established, which have been divided into 3 variants of 10x10 m. The first is a control plot, in the second plot an entire ground vegetation mowing was performed, while in the third plot-the ground vegetation mowing in a 3 m wide strip was carried out. The vegetation was determined using the Braun-Blanquet recording form before the management-in August 2015, and after the management-in August 2017. The condition of the habitat of capercaillie is inadequate before management, since Ledum palustre prevails in the ground vegetation. Both types of ground vegetation management have had a significant impact on the projective cover of Ledum palustre. After mowing the entire area, it has decreased by half, but after mowing in a strip, it has decreased by 30%. The ground vegetation mowing in a strip enhances positively the regeneration of dwarf shrubs and herbaceous vegetation.

Agriculture is a source of three primary GHG: CO2, CH4 and N2O. In order to reduce agricultural GHG emissions, agricultural practices have to promote sustainable land management by helping to prevent soil erosion and creating the potential to increase soil carbon stock. Sustainable soil management includes reducing tillage and introducing legumes in crop rotation. The aim of the study is to identify the impacts of the soil tillage and the cultivated crops on formation of GHG emissions. The study site has 24 experimental fields where two types of soil tillage have been used and four crops where grown (wheat Triticum aestivum, rape Brassica napus, beans Vicia faba and barley Hordeum vulgare). Soil humidity, soil temperature and measurements of GHG emissions have been carried out during the plant vegetation period from 2018 to 2020. GHG emissions where measured using Picarro G2508. A total of 460 measurements of GHG emissions were made in 2018, 2019 and 2020. The minimum value of N2O emission is -19.5 g ha-1 day-1, but the maximum is 273.4 g ha-1 day-1. CH4 emission has a minimum value of -84.8 g ha-1 day-1, and a maximum of 514.1 g ha-1 day-1. The minimum value of CO2 emission is -13.0 kg ha-1 day-1, but maximum of 1026.7 kg ha-1 day-1. The results of CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions show a significant discrepancies between the arithmetic mean and the median values which indicates the observed extreme values. Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistically significant differences in GHG emissions by crop groups.