Microaggregation is a statistical disclosure control technique. Raw microdata (i.e. individual records) are grouped into small aggregates prior to publication. With fixed-size groups, each aggregate contains k records to prevent disclosure of individual information. Individual ranking is a usual criterion to reduce multivariate microaggregation to univariate case: the idea is to perform microaggregation independently for each variable in the record. Using distributional assumptions, we show in this paper how to find interval estimates for the original data based on the microaggregated data. Such intervals can be considerably narrower than intervals resulting from subtraction of means, and can be useful to detect lack of security in a microaggregated data set. Analytical arguments given in this paper confirm recent empirical results about the unsafety of individual ranking microaggregation.

Neurulation is a crucial process in the formation of the central nervous system (CNS), which begins with the folding and fusion of the neural plate, leading to the generation of the neural tube and subsequent development of the brain and spinal cord. Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with the neurulation process promote neural tube defects (NTDs). Connexins (Cxs) are transmembrane proteins that form gap junctions (GJs) and hemichannels (HCs) in vertebrates, allowing cell-cell (GJ) or paracrine (HCs) communication through the release of ATP, glutamate, and NAD+; regulating processes such as cell migration and synaptic transmission. Changes in the state of phosphorylation and/or the intracellular redox potential activate the opening of HCs in different cell types. Cxs such as Cx43 and Cx32 have been associated with proliferation and migration at different stages of CNS development. Here, using molecular and cellular biology techniques (permeability), we demonstrate the expression and functionality of HCs-Cxs, including Cx46 and Cx32, which are associated with the release of ATP during the neurulation process in Xenopus laevis. Furthermore, applications of FGF2 and/or changes in intracellular redox potentials (DTT), well known HCs-Cxs modulators, transiently regulated the ATP release in our model. Importantly, the blockade of HCs-Cxs by carbenoxolone (CBX) and enoxolone (ENX) reduced ATP release with a concomitant formation of NTDs. We propose two possible and highly conserved binding sites (N and E) in Cx46 that may mediate the pharmacological effect of CBX and ENX on the formation of NTDs. In summary, our results highlight the importance of ATP release mediated by HCs-Cxs during neurulation.

buscando responder a las necesidades educativas del entorno nacional.

El docente es un factor fundamental en la calidad de la educación y responsable de lograr un aprendizaje auténtico en los estudiantes. El profesorado novel universitario que ingresa a trabajar en la institución de educación superior cuenta con una sólida formación académica, por lo requiere apoyo en lo personal y profesional y brinde una enseñanza de calidad. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la incidencia de la inducción del profesorado novel en la mejora de su desempeño profesional, para lo cual se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática con el objeto de documentarse sobre el problema, se efectuó la búsqueda en bases de datos y repositores de revistas científicas. Se evidencia que en la mayoría de las instituciones carecen de procesos de inducción y que el profesorado novel enfrenta dificultades en la enseñanza, las relaciones interpersonales, la investigación y la vinculación con la sociedad. Por lo que, es necesario que las instituciones de educación superior implementen programas de inducción para el éxito de los nuevos maestros, mejoran su desempeño profesional y los aprendizajes de los estudiantes; así como reciban acompañamiento pedagógico para que se integre a la cultura organizacional de la institución.

La investigación expone los resultados de un estudio de caso, tomando como unidad de análisis un estudiante de la carrera de Tecnología Superior en Entrenamiento Deportivo con Síndrome de Down, el cual llega con amplias habilidades en la natación y en la expresión corporal. La dinámica investigativa partió de una fase diagnóstica donde se realizó un análisis psicopedagógico de las potencialidades y limitaciones intelectuales, utilizadas como referente para elaborar una estrategia psicopedagógica que permitiera desarrollar competencias profesionales, la propuesta se construyó por vía inductiva mediante talleres con la participación de los docentes implicados; se definieron acciones para las adaptaciones curriculares y niveles de ayudas ajustados a las necesidades del estudiante. Se aplicaron tres cortes en la evaluación de la variable en estudio, ubicando cada uno al final de los periodos académicos ordinarios (PAO), cada periodo con 16 semanas. Los resultados de los tres momentos fueron contrastados mediante la prueba no paramétrica Friedman, se comprueba que entre el primer y el segundo PAO no existen diferencias significativas, sin embargo entre el primer y el tercer PAO la significación de los cambios mostró que p=.001, al ser menor que el valor prefijado (p<.05) se acepta (Hi) y se demuestra la factibilidad de la intervención en la práctica. Las acciones derivadas de la Estrategia generaron competencias profesionales que le permitirán al estudiante desempeñarse como Monitor de forma asistida, más no de Tecnólogo Superior, decisión recomendada por el claustro para la praxis profesional, atendiendo que el Entrenamiento Deportivo constituye un proceso pedagógico altamente complejo. Summary: The research exposes the results of a case study, taking as a unit of analysis a student of the Higher Technology in Sports Training with Down Syndrome career, who arrives with extensive skills in swimming and body expression. The investigative dynamics started from a diagnostic phase where a psychopedagogical analysis of the intellectual potentialities and limitations was carried out, used as a reference to develop a psychopedagogical strategy that would allow the development of professional skills, the proposal was built inductively through workshops with the participation of teachers involved; Actions were defined for curricular adaptations and levels of aid adjusted to the student's needs. Three cuts were applied in the evaluation of the variable under study, placing each one at the end of the ordinary academic periods (PAO), each period with 16 weeks. The results of the three moments were contrasted using the Friedman non-parametric test, it is found that between the first and second PAO there are no significant differences, however, between the first and third PAO the significance of the changes showed that p = .001, as it is less than the preset value (p <.05), it is accepted (Hi) and the feasibility of the intervention in practice is demonstrated. The actions derived from the Strategy generated professional competencies that will allow the student to perform as an assisted Monitor, but not as a Superior Technologist, a decision recommended by the faculty for professional practice, considering that Sports Training constitutes a highly complex pedagogical process.