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a b s t r a c tThis article presents hedonic Multiple Linear Regression models (MLR), spatial autoregressive hedonic models (SAR), Spatial autoregressive hedonic in the Error term Models (SEMs) and spatial Durbin hedonic models (SDMs) to estimate house price variations in metropolitan areas as a result of changing environmental and accessibility conditions. The goodness of fit of the different models has been compared along with a series of hypotheses about the performance of the specifications considering spatial relationships between observations. The case study for such analysis was the urban area of Santander (Spain). The models which considered spatial dependence between observations offered a greater degree of fit in a scenario showing strong spatial correlation in MLR residuals. The SEM model combined with a QueenContiguity matrix provided a good fit to the data and at the same time presented significant parameters with theoretically coherent signs. This model estimated increases of 1.8% for each additional transit line present in the areas of housing, as well as a reduction of 1.1% in their prices for each additional minute in travelling time to the Central Business District. Closeness to the train stations, however, implied reductions in house prices.

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Transport operating companies and decision-makers not only have to satisfy the demand for transport but they must also provide a quality service which is attractive to customers. This article presents a methodology to model bus transit quality in the city of Santander using user perception data. The perceived quality has been estimated with random-ordered probit models. First, general service user population models are presented which initially only consider the service attributes and later introduce systematic variations in taste which have economic and social implications. Second, the quality perceived in different bus lines is analysed. The results show that each line is perceived differently by its users who prioritise different aspects and that heterogeneity is clearly present in the perception of service quality. However, if the measures that need to be taken aim to improve the overall service, partial effects suggest that changes need to be made in the aspects where improvements have the greatest impact on quality: reliability, journey time, available information and driver kindness, meaning that service improvement strategies need to be designed around these aspects.