Magnetic fields at electrodes increase flux through dynamics. Magnetically modified electrodes sustain a permanent magnetic field because magnetic materials are either attached to the electrode surface or incorporated into the electronic conductor of the electrode. Thus far, magnetically modified electrodes have been produced by coating electrode surfaces with composites of Nafion and magnetic microparticles. Glassy carbon and platinum electrodes as well as fuel cell electrodes modified with Nafion and magnetic microparticles exhibit enhanced flux as compared to similar nonmagnetic composites. Here, magnet incorporated carbon electrodes (MICEs) are presented. Two examples are described: magnet incorporated carbon paste electrodes (MICE-Ps) and magnet incorporated carbon epoxy electrodes (MICE-Es). Voltammetrically driven fluxes for MICEs are higher than those for the corresponding nonmagnetic controls (carbon paste (CPEs) and carbon epoxy (CEEs) electrodes).
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