No abstract

The importance of micro organism as a source of commercially useful chemicals, antibodies and enzymes has been recognized for very long time. Nearly all chemicals of microbial origin produced industrially today are of extracellular type. The isolation of intracellular materials requires that the cell either be genetically engineered, intracellular product is exerts into the environment. The disruption of cell's is often a first step in product isolation. Also, to rupture microbial cells at different time intervals and to measure the amount of protein released. Several ways to analyze the process of disruption of cells like ultrasonication, high pressure homogeniser, enzymatic method and etc. Here the authors presented the cell disruption by High pressure homogenizer with various concentrations, many rounds, temperature and pH.

The work is an investigation of the effect of annealing temperature on pristine and rare earth doped CaWO4 nanoparticles with hydrothermal route. The sample was annealed at two varied temperatures 800 ºC and 1200 ºC for 5 h. The structural analysis reveals the reduction in the broadening of the peaks as a result of annealing. Surface morphology shows the formation of agglomerated structures. In Ce3+:CaWO4 nanoparticles the morphology is modified to dumbbell like and flake like structures after annealing. Raman shift observed at 909 cm−1 Ag modes confirms the presence of CaWO4 nanoparticles with its own rotational and vibrationalmodes. Increase in the absorption peak intensity and a double absorption edge appears as an intermediate energy level state after the inclusion of Ce3+ ion as dopant.