Introduction: Knowledge and attitude regarding pain management is one of the factors with the highest predictive value and it can explain 69% of nurses' s pain management practice [2]. Therefore, a standard tool to measure the pain management knowledge and attitude of nurses in Vietnam is needed. Objective: Testing the validity and reliability of the Knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain tool Vietnamese version (KASRP -V), so as to measure the nurse's pain management knowledge level in Vietnam Method: The psychometric properties testing of KASRP tool Vietnamese version has undergone a strict standardization process including testing for content validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability. 6 experts assessed the content validity. 50 nurses and 73 nursing students were selected to collect data for the discriminant validity testing. Thirty nurses out of 50 nurses were selected to collect data for the internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability testing. Results:The KASRP tool Vietnamese version includes 41 items, the CVI index for each item ranged from 0.83-1, S-CVI=0.996. The discriminant validity was verified because there was a difference in knowledge scores between the group of nurses with experience in patient care and the group of 4th years nursing students (Z=-2.256, p=0.01).. Internal consistency reliability was measured by Cronbach alpha score. The Cronbach alpha value of each item ranged from 0.885 - 0.887 and the total score was 0.888. The correlation coefficient between each item with the total ranged from 0.300 - 0.446. The ICC score = 0.977 (with 95% CI=0.631-0.994, p = .000) was measured to assess test-retest reliability Conclusion: This evaluation of the KASRP -V demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability Article Details

Introduction: Barriers ralated to patients, physian, nurses, and health system were the mostly responded by nurses as factors influencing them in pain management for patients. So, the valiable and riliable questionnaire is verry importence to measure the perception of Vietnamese nurses about pain management barriers The study objective: was to translate, adapt and conduct initial psychometric validation of the Vietnamese version of Perceived Obstacles to Pain Assessment and Management Practices questionnaire (V-POPAMP). Material and method: Translation, adaptation, and validity and reliability testing were performed . 6 expert panels evaluated content validity, and I-CVI, SCVI were applied to measured the content validity. The Cronbach alpha and ICC were used to measured for intenal consistence and stable reliability of V- POPAMP, respectively. A sample of 30 nurses was sellected in prepilot testing, and 30 other nurses participted in pilot testing. Results: The study found that I-CVI of each item ranged from 0.83-1 and S-CVI =0.96, indicating the V- POPAMP is good content validity. In addition, the V- POPAMP is good reliability, with Cronbach alpha for each subscale of 0.729 and more, and ICC for total score was 0.952 and for each subscale ranges from 0.822 to 0.984(p=.000) Conclusion:The V-POPAMPQ has good psychometric properties. It can be used to measure the perception of nurses about pain management barriers in Vietnam.

This paper uncovers dimensions of family influence on private small business in Vietnam. Although the F-PEC scale, which comprises three subscales for power, experience and culture dimensions of family influence, has been validated in the literature, application of the scale in an Asian context, like Vietnam, may face challenges due to context differences. The study modified the original scale based on qualitative findings from five interviews with entrepreneurs and comments on the scale from business scholars. Data from a survey of 143 entrepreneurs were used for EFA, resulting in four factors. And CFA proves fitness of the measurement model of the four-factor structure to the data, in which two dimensions regarding the cultural aspect were confirmed.