One-hundred and fifty-five patients suffering from T. Capitis, T. Corporis, T. Cruris and T. Verisicolor participated in studies of topically applied griseofulvin. Various concentrations of the drug were prepared in an ointment form in a new solvent system. Successful results were obtained with the 2% preparation in cases of T. Corporis, T. Cruris and T. Versicolor. Failure of the therapy was observed in cases of T. Capitis. No side-effects occurred in any patient using the 2% preparation. In the opinion of the authors, topically applied griseofulvin in the new solvent system is safe and highly effective in the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses.

Abstract. The production of sustainable construction component could prevent and control the pollution and environmental degradation in Malaysia. This is a key area in Malaysia's Green Strategies (Ministry of Science, Technology and the environment, 2002). This paper reports on the laboratory investigation to establish the potential of utilizing Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Rice Husk (RH) in developing green construction components. Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC) reported that currently Malaysia's contribution to world palm oil production is 39% and has taken 44% of world exports. Consequently it will increase the POFA production in palm oil manufacturing and this waste sometimes dispose in open area near the factory. On the other hand Malaysia also producing more 300k hectares of paddy production, thus rice husk is also a concern as an agricultural waste. The research objective is to study on the potential of utilizing of agricultural waste in developing of green bricks. This research involved laboratory investigations. In this research 2% -10% of POFA and 1% -5% RH were used in the mix composition of the brick's weight. Addition of POFA was aimed to reduce the cement usage and RH was added to reduce sand in the bricks. The bricks were manually pressed in Materials Laboratory in Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, UiTM Shah Alam. The result showed that the addition of POFA and RH are able to reduce the density but in contrast the compressive strength were decrease compare to the control unit.

Uncontrolled infrastructure development may produce excessive carbon emission and scarcity of natural resources. The reuse of waste materials in general promotes material ecology and the cradle to cradle concept. The utilisation of industrial waste in the development of advanced materials promoting the extensive research on sustainable building components. The main objective of this research is to investigate the potential of utilising local industrial waste, Solid Waste Fly Ash (SWFA) and Paint Sludge (PS) as target material in replacing laterite soil that is non-renewable natural resources. Standard industrial size bricks were fabricated consist the combination of Laterite Clay, SwFA and PS (SWPS) at 50:25:25 ratios. The results for engineering and environmental properties were within the acceptable of engineering standards and performances. This test result suggests potential used of SwFA and Paint Sludge as substitute to clay for unfired brick. This will certainly contribute to the recycling of SwFA and industrial sludge (Paint Sludge and possibly others) and hence to minimise the impact of these by-product to the environment if send to landfill. The manufacture of unfired bricks can exploit locally available waste materials and can be used in certain applications of low load bearing situation. This research also suggests innovation and enhanced waste management and contribution towards the concept of green building components.

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Uncontrolled infrastructure development may produce excessive carbon emission and scarcity of natural resources, that exploited for the mean of development. The reuse of waste materials will promote material ecology and the cradle to cradle concept. This study utilizes Municipal Solid Waste Ash (MSWA) as a potential target material in replacing laterite soil that is nonrenewable natural resources. Mix design, compositions were established for industrial trial of brick making. Laterite soil on its own (100%) and in combination with MSWA, (50:50) stabilized with PC and Lime at 20% and 30% were used to produce bricks. The bricks were then air dried. Two engineering properties, compressive strength and water absorption were studied. The investigation results show that compressive strength and water absorption of laterite soil combine with MSWA at (50:50) recorded higher strength compared to when laterite soil were used alone. This suggests viability and feasibility of using waste material in brick making.