Background: Most of the elderly population suffer from sleep disorders such as difficulty initiating sleep, decreased total sleep time, sleep efficiency, transient arousal and waking up too early. This condition causes a decrease in the quality of sleep in the elderly. Several efforts can be made to maintain sleep quality in the elderly, one of which is by providing relaxation therapy. Relaxation therapy using warm water with a certain temperature will have a sopartificant effect and can overcome sleep disorders. This study aims to determine the effect of warm water footbath therapy on the sleep quality of the elderly. Methods: Quantitative research with a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest research design with a sample of 17 elderly people in RW 8 Kemiri Kebakkramat Village. Intervention with the provision of water with a warm temperature with a volume of approximately 5 liters to soak both feet. Sleep quality is measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after 12 sections. The data analysis method uses the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test of SPSS. Results: Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test results showed that sig. 0.000 < 0.05. The difference in the sleep quality score occurred after being given the hot water foot bath therapy (mean difference of 2.35). Conclusion: warm water foot bath therapy affects the sleep quality of the elderly. Stimulation from warm water makes the body more relaxed and accelerates the decrease in the activity of the Reticular Activating System (RAS), so that the elderly feel sleepy and fall asleep.

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Background: Down syndrome children have motoric and balance problems. Balance problems cause the child to be unable to maintain posture. Physical activity effective to stimulate development motor skills and balance in children. Sandsack physical activity can be applied to optimizing balance in children with down syndrome. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sandsack physical activity on balance in children with Down Syndrome. Methods: Quantitative research with pre-experimental research design one group pretest-posttest with a sample size of 13 children with Down syndrome in SLBN Surakarta. Eight sandsack physical activity models are provided in each session. Four sandsack physical activity models per sessions. Balance is measured by sixteen balance test before and after 12 section. The data analysis method uses a paired sample t-test of SPSS. Results: Paired sample t-test results showed that sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05. The increase in the balance score occurred after being given the sandsack physical activity intervention (mean difference of 6.39). Sandsack physical activity intervention have a possitive and significant effect on balance in Down Syndrome children (ρ = 0.001). Most of Down Syndrome children in SLBN Surakarta were male (53.8%). Down Syndrome children in SLBN Surakarta is dominated at the age of 8 and 14 years old (23.1%). BMI score of Down syndrome children in SLBN Surakarta was 15.50 (15.4%). Conclusion: Sandsack physical activity intervention affects the balance in Down Syndrome children. Sandsack physical activity improved balance in children with Down Syndrome and should be applied in conjunction with physical and occupational therapy programs.

Background: Hand injury is all kinds of trauma caused by various mechanisms that occur in the hand and can cause injury to the hand structure. One result of a hand injury is a decrease in hand dexterity. Dexterity is the speed of the hand to take or capture and place objects from one place to another so that it has an important role in daily activities. Dakon is one of the activities that can be chosen as a hand dexterity exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dakon playing activities on the hnad dexterity abilities of patients with hnad injuries. Methods: Quantitative research using quasi experimental design. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis using statistical tests paired sample t-test. Results: showed a significant increase in hand dexterity with a significant level of ρ <0.05. In the right hand the results were 0.012 <0.05, left hand 0.000 <0.05, right hand + left + second hand 0.001 <0.05 and on assembly subtest 0.014 <0.05. Conclusion: Of the study showed that playing dakon activity can improve the dexterity of the hand injured patient's hand.

Background: Final year students who are in the process of working on their final project feel overwhelmed and confused in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This causes some students to experience stress. High-Intensity Interval Cardio Training is hypothesized to be able to reduce stress levels by overcoming stress symptoms that arise. This study aimed to analyze high-intensity interval cardio training in reducing student stress levels. Subjects and Method:A quasi-experimental study with no control group was conducted at Muhammadiyah Berau Islamic institute, East Borneo, Indonesia. A sample of 53 last year's students was selected for this study. The dependent variable was stress. The independent variable was high-intensity cardio interval training. Eight types of highintensity cardio interval training exercises were given for five weeks. From the first to the third week, they received level 1 exercise. From the fourth to the fifth week, they received level 2 exercise. Stress was measured by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42) before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. Results: The mean of stress after high intensity interval cardio training (Mean= 41.30; SD= 4.49) was lower than before (Mean= 53.20; SD= 4.92), and it was statistically significant (p= 0.010). Conclusion: High-intensity interval cardio training is lower stress in the last year's students during the COVID-19 pandemic.