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Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common skin and oral disease that manifests as a mucous reaction to a variety of etiologic factors, including autoimmune disease, drug reaction, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, hepatitis C virus (HCV), urolithiasis, psychogenic factors, and bacterial infection. It is one of the most frequent oral lesion found in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between HCV infection and OLP as there is a high prevalence of HCV infection in India, and to assess the levels of aminotransferase enzymes (SGPT/SGOT) in patients with OLP. Methods: The study consisted of 25 histopathologically confirmed patients of OLP and 25 subjects with age and sex matched healthy volunteers visiting the outpatient department of a dental hospital over a period of 1 year. All subjects in both groups were subjected to serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and HCV antibodies detection. Results: The average HCV antibody between study and control group was statistically nonsignificant with p=0.965. The percentage of patients with elevated SGOT and SGPT values was higher among the OLP patients in the study group ((32.0%) i.e. >45 IU/L) in comparison to subjects in the control group (0%). Hence, SGOT and SGPT value was statistically significant (p value= 0.002). Conclusion: OLP in certain populations can be used as a marker for HCV infection in addition to transaminase hepatic enzymes level.

To evaluate the extent of maxillary arch collapse on cleft vis-a-vis non-cleft side in the same individual presenting with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods: 22 children with surgically repaired UCLP who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Following the acquisition of CBCT scans, 14 bilateral landmarks were selected. The distance of the bilateral landmark was calculated from the midsagittal plane on the cleft and non-cleft side for both frontal and axial view. Tracings were done, data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: In the axial view, zygomatic arch, malar and porion were non-significant but the alveolar crest at the premolar region (p<.003) and molar (p<.007) region were significantly decreased. In frontal analysis, pyriforme and alveolar crest above the maxillary 1st molar and in axial view, premolar and molar widths showed significant reduction when comparing the cleft vis-a-vis non-cleft sides. Conclusion:In frontal analysis, the area encompassing the cleft region showed significant reduction when compared to the non-cleft side along with pyriforme and the alveolar crest over the maxillary first molar. In axial view, when comparing the cleft vis-a-vis non-cleft sides, premolar and molar widths were significantly reduced.

Background: Root canal preparation procedure must preserve the canal's original anatomy by respecting its initial curvature and creating a continuously tapering funnel. 1The shaping of curved canals remains a major challenge for clinicians, and is one of the most important steps of endodontic therapy.The two single-file systems used in our study are WaveOne and Reciproc in reciprocal motion. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of establishing glide path on the centering ability and preparation time of two different Nickel-Titanium single file systems in mesial roots of mandibular first molars. Methods: Eighty extracted mandibular molars with curvatures of 20-35 degrees and were divided into four groups (n=15); WaveOne+glide path; WaveOne; Reciproc+glide path and Reciproc. Non-patent canals were excluded and only one canal in each tooth was instrumented. A manual glide path was established in first and third groups with #10, 15 hand K-files. Preparation was performed with reciprocating in-and-out motion, with a 3-4 mm amplitude and slight apical pressure. Initial and final photographs were taken to analyze the amount of dentin removed in the instrumented canals. The centering ability of the rotary instruments was evaluated using the computer program Corel draw X6 software. Results: No statistically significant differences were found with regards to the centering ability between the four groups or amongst the ay three different locations coronal, middle and apical thirds of the root canals. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that a manual glide path increased the total time involved in preparation of curved canals with WaveOne and Reciproc instruments. A glide path had no influence on the centering ability of these two single-file systems.

Background: The relation of maxillary posterior teeth roots to the maxillary sinus floor is important for diagnosing and planning of many surgical procedures. The anatomical proximity of the root apices of the maxillary posterior teeth to the maxillary sinus floor may favor the development of inflammatory, infectious and/or traumatic alterations in the maxillary sinus. Objective: To correlate the topographic relationship of the maxillary sinus floor to the posterior teeth roots using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Panoramic and CBCT images of 30 patients were analyzed. The relationship between the posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus and panoramic radiography signs associated with protrusion of root apices into the sinus were evaluated following Kwak et al. (2004) classification. Results: The OPG showed statistically significant (P>0.001) longer root projection in the sinus cavity in comparison with the root protrusion into the sinus measured by using CBCT images. It was found that cbct was statistically more significant than OPG. Given the limitations of panoramic radiography being a 2D radiography. Conclusion: CBCT is reliable in assessment of topographic relationship of maxillary sinus floor with the posterior teeth in comparision with panoramic radiography CBCT is indicated to provide the information about the relation to the maxillary sinus floor when there is protrusion detected in panoramic images.