This report presents engineering of novel cerous sulfate Ce2(SO4)3 nanoflowers, decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through economical, energy-efficient ,and rapid one-pot hydrothermal strategy. The obtained nanocomposite demonstrates the successful formation of nanoflowers morphology with high surface area with the potential to promote electrolyte accessibility and electronic transmission during sensing phenomena. The Ce2(SO4)3/rGO (CSG) nanoflower composite were used to activate screen printed carbon electrode. A linear response of the CSG electrode was obtained under optimum conditions, for the concentration range of 10 to 1000 µM with sensitivity of 0.2973 µA/µM-cm2 and the lowest detection limit of 0.9 mM for ascorbic acid. The excellent Vitamin-C detecting features of CSG sensor are attributed to the synergistic effect from the dimensional anisotropy of flower-like morphological features of Ce2(SO4)3 as well as the interfacial structure. The CSG sensor was also validated for vitamin C tablets VeeCee-Z to scale up the adopted protocol for commercial applications. Furthermore, fabricated electrochemical sensor exhibited significant repeatability (98.63 %), optimum stability, and reproducible monitoring performances. The significant findings of our work hold the prospect for sensitive and prompt determination of Vitamin-C in the industrial domains

Potentiometric sensor devices are having a wide range of applications in environmental and biomedical fields. This short review aims to provide updates on recent innovations in various nanomaterials as sensing components used in potentiometric sensor devices. The review also covers the various methods and conditions used to develop these sensor nanomaterials with appropriately decorated by functional groups. Reduced graphene oxide along with traditional platinum electrodes is used to monitor algae growth in an aquatic ecosystem. Here, the addition of reduced-graphene increases the selectivity and precision of the potentiometric sensor. The review also describe the fabrication and the mechanism of sensing of carbon composite based glucose sensors, sweat sensors, and pH sensors, which are used for monitoring a human body. Sweat sensors are the ion-sensors which use carbon nanoparticles for high selectivity. Porous graphene oxide is also one of the highly used carbon nanomaterials which show high selectivity towards different types of chemicals under certain conditions. PANI/Graphene/CNT nanocomposite based potentiometric sensor is used to detect hazardous 4-aminophenol in the surrounding area. Using nanocomposite increases the selectivity and gives a high current response in the I-V graph. The granular nature of InVO4 is used in the fabrication of ammonia sensors. Formaldehyde is one of the commonly found adulterations in the food. A biosensor has been fabricated using CNTs-Fe3O4 nanocomposite to detect the formaldehyde in the foods. Finally the review summarizes the merits and limitations of various potentiometric sensors developed for different biomedical applications.

Photodetectors, often known as photosensors, are light or electromagnetic radiation sensors. Graphene is a carbon allotrope made up of a single layer of carbon atoms that are linked together in a hexagonal configuration. Carbon nanotubes, another emerging material, are made from rolled graphene. The high carrier mobility, linear dispersion, and 0 bandgap of graphene contribute to the ultra-fast, wide-spectrum response of graphene photodetectors from visible to infrared. The high responsivity of graphene photodetectors is 500 A/W for light of 450 nm and 4 A/W for light of 1064 nm. The strong compatibility of graphene with silicon technology has been explored, and recent discoveries open the way for chip integrated photodetectors with high-performance. This article will be covering different types of photodetectors which differ in type of materials used, along with graphene and type of methods of manufacture. It gives each device construction and working along with results on its responsivity and sensitivity. We then cover the innumerable applications of graphene-based photodetectors in communication sector, medical sector, and in flexible electronics which are discussed briefly. We also go through the advancements in materials and manufacturing processes, emphasizing that graphene photodetector devices are gaining popularity due to their capacity to provide long-term real-time precise monitoring. Lastly, we discuss advantages and hurdles that are to be overcome.