The goal of this study was to examine these two values (utang na loob and gratitude) in terms of how they are understood by Filipinos and how they are manifested in the hope of delineating meanings and establishing links between the two construct. Using qualitative responses of Filipino respondents regarding their conception of utang na loob and gratitude, the following descriptions were identified: pagkilala (acknowledgement), pagtutumbas (reciprocity), and panlipunang gampanin (social responsibility) as conceptual meanings for utang na loob; and pasasalamat (thankfulness) and pagtutumbas (reciprocity) for gratitude. Reciprocity being found to be shared by two concepts was also analyzed and contextualized.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.