The ethanol extract of the bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum was evaluated for wound healing activity in Wistar rats. The extract was administered by the oral route at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight (1/8 and 1/4 of LD(50), respectively) for all the wound models selected, excision, incision and dead space wounds. The extract significantly enhanced the wound breaking strength in the case of incision wound, the rate of wound contraction and the period of epithelization in the case of excision wound. The granulation tissue weight, its breaking strength and its hydroxyproline content was also increased by the extract in the dead space wound.

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Using Chebyshev power series approach, accurate description for the first higher order (LP 11 ) mode of graded index fibers having three different profile shape functions are presented in this paper and applied to predict their propagation characteristics. These characteristics include fractional power guided through the core, excitation efficiency and Petermann I and II spot sizes with their approximate analytic formulations. We have shown that where two and three Chebyshev points in LP 11 mode approximation present fairly accurate re sults, the values based on our calculations involving four Chebyshev points match excellently with available exact numerical results.

The signature of noncommutativity on various measures of entanglement has been observed by considering the holographic dual of noncommutative super Yang-Mills theory. We have followed a systematic analytical approach in order to compute the holographic entanglement entropy corresponding to a strip like subsystem of length l. The relationship between the subsystem size (in dimensionless form) $$ \frac{l}{a} $$ l a and the turning point (in dimensionless form) introduces a critical length scale $$ \frac{l_c}{a} $$ l c a which leads to three domains in the theory, namely, the deep UV domain (l < lc; aut » 1, aut ∼ aub), deep noncommutative domain (l > lc, aub> aut » 1) and deep IR domain (l > lc, aut « 1). This in turn means that the length scale lc distinctly points out the UV/IR mixing property of the non-local theory under consideration. We have carried out the holographic study of entanglement entropy for each of these domains by employing both analytical and numerical techniques. The broken Lorentz symmetry induced by noncommutativity has motivated us to redefine the entropic c-function. We have obtained the noncommutative correction to the c-function upto leading order in the noncommutative parameter. We have also looked at the behaviour of this quantity over all the domains of the theory. We then move on to compute the minimal cross-section area of the entanglement wedge by considering two dis- joint subsystems A and B. On the basis of EP = EW duality, this leads to the holographic computation of the entanglement of purification. The correlation between two subsystems, namely, the holographic mutual information I(A : B) has also been computed. Moreover, the computations of EW and I(A : B) has been done for each of the domains in the theory. We have then briefly discussed the effect of the UV cut-off on the IR behaviours of these quantities. Finally, we consider a black hole geometry with a noncommutative parameter and study the influence of both noncommutativity and finite temperature on the various measures of quantum entanglement.

In this letter, we give two proposals regarding the status of connectivity of entanglement wedges and the associated saturation of mutual information. The first proposal has been given for the scenario before the Page time depicting the fact that the early to late time transition can be obtained from the status of the radiation entanglement wedge. In particular, we compute the time where the mutual information between the regions where the Hawking radiation gets collected vanishes before the formation of the island. We argue that this time is the Hartman-Maldacena time at which the fine-grained entropy of radiation goes as ∼ log(β) where β is the inverse of Hawking temperature of the black hole. On the other hand, the second proposal probes the crucial role played by the mutual information of black hole subsystems in obtaining the correct Page curve of radiation.