Purpose The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) is a rigorously designed tool for measuring inpatient safety culture. The purpose of this paper is to develop a cross-cultural HSOPSC for Hungary and determine its strengths and weaknesses. Design/methodology/approach The original US version was translated and adapted using existing guidelines. Healthcare workers (n=371) including nurses, physicians and other healthcare staff from six Hungarian hospitals participated. Answers were analyzed using exploratory factor analyses and reliability tests. Findings Positive responses in all dimensions were lower in Hungary than in the USA. Half the participants considered their work area “acceptable” regarding patient safety. Healthcare staff worked in “crisis mode,” trying to accomplish too much and too quickly. The authors note that a “blame culture” does not facilitate patient safety improvements in Hungary. Practical implications The results provide valuable information for promoting a more positive patient safety culture in Hungary and for evaluating future strategies to improve patient safety. Originality/value Introducing a validated scale to measure patient safety culture in Hungary improves healthcare quality.

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As a critical determinant of health at a population level, knowing health literacy is essential for effective health promotion and for the positive influence on health status. However, very little research hasfocused on this topic in Hungary. We aimed to measure health literacy and find the factors affecting it among the adult population in Nyíregyháza city. The results contribute to improving health literacy, thus improving health behaviour, which is needed to develop individual and community strategies. Our study was carried out in the framework of the "Quality of life of Nyiregyháza-Household Panel" research, by using two health literacy measurement tools, the Newest Vital Sign and the perception-based Chew screening questions. The selected respondents were required to be over 18 years of age and had to be permanent residents of the city. Interviewers questioned the selected 541 households in the months of April-May 2018. Out of the 541households, 391 households answered the questionnaires, which represents a 72.3% response rate. The average rate of health literacy level among the adult population in Nyíregyháza is in line with other Hungarian studies that previously measured the average rate of health literacy at population level. The results show that the health literacy of the population of the city is most affected by their educational level. Our research reveals that the health literacy of the population is not significantly affected by their economic activity and income at local level. The need for the development of interventions within the framework of interprofessional cooperation that improve the level of health literacy, and focus on the low-educated population groups is urgent.

The results obtained in our research of mental distress indicators and results of conflict management strategies are consistent with the results of international studies. Students participating in the study (N=237) reached the highest average results in the field of personal growth, while we measured the lowest value in the fields of autonomy and the dominance of the enviroment. Among the mental distress indicators the students gave the highest scores for the stress. The frequency examination showed the results of the participants to fall to 40.9% of moderate-severe and severe extreme range. While among the genders, women indicate much higher stress levels. In addition, the students preferred the avoiding conflict management strategy in preference to the other four strategies. While we compared the students from the two countries we found a significant difference between the survey field of autonomy and purpose in life. We also found a notable difference among the mental distress indicators. While the students of the University of Debrecen were moderate, the students of the universities of Oradea fell in the "slight" area (in the range of stress). For the usage of conflict management strategies we found no significant differences between the two countries' students. The students from both countries preferred the avoiding strategy. This study similiar to many national and international studies indicates the high level of stress among the students. One of the most important task of a higher education institution should be the protection of the students' mental health which would lead to an improvement on well-being and that would cause the lowering of the stress level.