The use of arms, projectiles, or material calculated to cause unnecessary suffering, and more especially of poisoned weapons (chemical and biological weapons), was banned under the conceptual framework of both the 1907 Hague Convention (IV) and the 1925 Geneva Protocol. In the discussions leading to a ban on the use of chemical weapons, diplomats from around the world referred to their use as “barbaric and dishonourable” because of their effect on soldiers or the likely indiscriminate impact on civilians. It is a universal achievement that it is now impossible to conceive of a world that does not show concern for civilians caught up in war. As international attention to the protection of civilians in internal armed conflicts grows, it is accompanied by renewed debate regarding regulation of warring parties' conduct through humanitarian and human rights law.

Relocation is a word that does not exist in the Navajo language. To be relocated is to disappear and never to be seen again. Pauline Whitesinger On Dec. 22, 1974, Congress enacted the Navajo-Hopi Indian Relocation Act' to provide a "final solution" to a land dispute between the Navajo and Hopi tribal governments that a federal court called the "largest title problem in the West." 2 The "Relocation Act" partitioned into two equal parts 1.8 million acres of land formerly held in common by both tribes and compelled resettlement of eleven thousand Navajos and ten Hopis who lived on the "wrong side of the partitioning fence." 3 The massive rangelands

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