We planned to appraise the effects of β‐caryophyllene on Fas‐ receptor and caspase‐mediated apoptosis signaling pathway and endothelial dysfunction in rats infarcted with isoproterenol. Rats were induced myocardial infarction by using isoproterenol (100 mg/kg body weight [b.w]). Serum creatine kinase‐MB, serum cardiac troponin‐T, heart weight, heart rate, and heart lipid peroxidation were greatly (p < 0.05) augmented, while heart enzymatic antioxidants and plasma nonenzymatic antioxidants were greatly (p < 0.05) lessened in isoproterenol‐treated rats. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction study revealed augmented expressions of Fas‐receptor and caspases 8, 9, and 3 genes in myocardial infarcted rats. Furthermore, iNOS protein expression was amplified and eNOS protein was lessened in the myocardial infarcted heart. Three weeks pre‐ and cotreatment with β‐caryophyllene (20 mg/kg b.w) greatly (p < 0.05) protected isoproterenol‐treated rats against these altered structural, biochemical, molecular, and immunohistochemical parameters, by its anti‐cardiac hypertrophic, anti‐tachycardial, antioxidant, anti‐apoptotic, and anti‐endothelial dysfunction effects. In conclusion, these findings projected the use of β‐caryophyllene for the therapy of human myocardial infarction after clinical trials.

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