An urachal cyst is a sinus remaining from the allantois during embryogenesis which is rarely manifested in adults. The urachus is an embryologic remnant which degenerates after the birth. Defective obliteration of the urachus leads to urachal abnormalities. Urachal cyst is a rare pathology in adult women, and this pathology should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. Xanthogranulomatous cystitis (XC) is a benign disease of unknown etiology. The clinical manifestations of these are nonspecific such as lower abdominal pain, umbilical discharge with occasional hematuria. Urachal lesions present with persistent umbilical drainage in infants and newborn. However, in 35% cases, enclosed urachal cyst or infected urachal cyst (abscess) manifests without having umbilical discharge. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging are of little help to the identification of these preoperatively. Here, we present a rare case of urachal cyst with XC in 30-year-old female which has produced diagnostic dilemma.

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Background: The spectrum of bone lesions include inflammatory, neoplastic, degenerative and metabolic diseases. Histopathology is a confirmatory evidence for bone lesions and helps arrive at a diagnosis and plan further prognosis and management. A proper execution from technique (radioguided or surgical), choice of sections from the lesion and proper management of specimen is the requirement for accuracy of diagnosis and further management. Aims and objectives: To analyse the histo-pathological spectrum of bone lesions and co relating it with demographic details and radiological findings. Results: 100 bone biopsies received in the Department of Pathology between September 2015 to September 2017. They were routinely processed after decalcification. Out of 100 cases, 55 nonneoplastic lesions and 45 neoplastic lesions were reported. Around 10 cases were inconclusive due to inadequacy of biopsy sample. Osteochondroma was the most common benign lesion. Osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma were the most common malignant lesion, with equal incidence. Chronic osteomyelitis was the most common non neoplastic lesion. The lesions occurred most commonly below the age group of 20 years with a male preponderance. Femur was the most common bone involved and metaphysis was the most common anatomical site of lesion. Conclusion:A detailed histo-pathological interpretation of bone lesions, along with history, radiological and other relevant investigations are important for the patient's treatment and the further management including the follow up.

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