No abstract

Multiple options are being tried for the management of 2019-nCoV infection since its pandemic started. Favipiravir (FPV) is one of drugs, which is also being tried for the management of 2019-nCoV infection. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FPV in published literature. Comparative randomized or nonrandomized controlled clinical trials comparing FPV to the standard of care (SOC)/control or other antiviral agent/combinations were included. A total of 12 databases were searched and identify four studies which were further used for final analysis. The data analysis was done as pooled prevalence using a random effect model by “RevMan manager version 5.4.1 and “R” software. The point estimate, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for dichotomous data. In the present study, the marginal beneficial effect was seen in the FPV group in overall clinical improvement comparison to SOC/control, i.e., (4 studies, log OR [95% CI] (−0.19 [−0.51, 0.13]). However, in all other outcomes, it was found to be comparable to the SOC/control arm namely “clinical improvement on day 7–10” (3 studies, OR [95% CI] 1.63 [1.07, 2.48]) while “clinical improvement on day 10–14” (3 studies, OR [95% CI] 1.37 [0.24, 7.82]) and viral negativity was seen (4 studies, OR [95% CI] 1.91 [0.91, 4.01]). No difference in efficacy was found between FPV versus lopinavir/ritonavir or arbidol groups. Regarding adverse effects, except for the occurrence of rash (higher in the FPV group), safety was comparable to SOC. In our study, there was a marginal difference between the FPV and the SOC arm in terms of “clinical improvement” on day 7–10 or 10–14, and “virological negativity” on day 10–14.” However, some benefit was observed in a few studies, but it was also comparable to the control drugs or SOC.

Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr. is an important traditional medicinal herb documented in the indigenous medicinal systems and used in many folk medicines to treat various ailments. D. styracifolium belongs to the legume family Fabaceae (Leguminosae) and is preferably abundantly found worldwide. The plant possesses various phytochemical and pharmacological activities. Plant’s phytochemical accouter confers significant therapeutic properties and has been used traditionally for treating ailments like pyrexia, stranguria, renal calculi, dysuria, and oliguria. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of scientific findings of D. styracifolium phytoconstituents and their related anti-hypertensive, anti-oxidant, anti-urolithic and hepatoprotective activities in non-clinical in-vitro and in-vivo studies. More than 50 chemical compounds have been reported from D. styracifolium, including flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, phenols, and phytosterols. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and ethnomedicinal uses of D. styracifolium, providing scientific evidence for ethnomedicinal claims and opening perspectives for future research.

No abstract

No abstract