Objetivo: El presente estudio se centró en el diseño de liposomas que contenían 5-fluorouracilo y tretinoína. El diseño fue optimizado por 32 diseño factorial completo. Metodos: Los liposomas se prepararon mediante el método de inyección de etanol y se evaluaron mediante Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión, % de eficiencia de encapsulación, potencial zeta y liberación de fármaco in vitro. La formulación optimizada se sometió a estudios histopatológicos y de estabilidad a temperaturas de 4ºC, 25ºC y 60ºC. Resultados: Ningún cristal de los fármacos era visibles en el Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión, sin importar la técnica de la preparación o el fármaco cargado. La formulación F9 demostró el atrapamiento máximo del fármaco del 72,86% y del 69,70% para 5-fluorouracilo y tretinoína respectivamente. Cuando la concentración del fosfolípido fue aumentada a partir de 40 a 60 mg/ml, las eficiencias de encapsulación de la formulación aumentaron. El potencial de zeta y el tamaño de partícula fueron mantenidos dentro de la gama de-19,14 a -25,61 y 100 a 200 nanómetros respectivamente, que facilitó la buena estabilidad y la penetración de liposomas. Los perfiles de disolución de las formulaciones F1 a F6 mostraron una alta cantidad de liberación de fármaco (30,6 a 67,42%) a las 2h. Los liposomas no eran estables a alta temperatura, pero las formulaciones eran más estables cuando se almacenaban a una temperatura más baja, es decir, 4 ºC. Concusiones: Así, en los liposomas, tanto los fármacos 5-fluorouracilo como los tretinoína se incorporaron con éxito y se pueden utilizar para el desarrollo de la formulación.

Background: Diabetic dermopathy consists of small, round, brown atrophic skin lesions that occur on the shins of patients with diabetes. Its proper diagnosis is essential for proper management.

Incidences of Diabetes mellitus (DM) gets worsen on frequent long-haul travel in different time zones and sedentary lifestyle. An extensive review of the published articles related to diabetes, the effect of lifestyle modification (exercise and diet) and travelling of diabetic people across different time zones were done and these were accessed from Pubmed-Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Lancet and Diabetes Care. The study done by different scientists were compared and interpreted for the worsening of cases of DM. For long-haul travel in different time zones, it was observed that, due to metabolic disturbances, serious consequences of DM were observed in flight, but that can be prevented if pre-advice are taken by the patients and strictly followed. The cumulative incidences of diabetes of 10 cases were compared and mean cumulative incidences of control group (following sedentary lifestyle) was 42.77% and of intervention group (following healthy diet and moderate physical activity) was 22.11% confirming that implementation of the healthy diet and exercise as regular physical activity caused the lowering of cumulative incidences of diabetes. According to the research conducted on frequent flyers and sedentary lifestyle, the hypothesis quoted by various scientists is that DM is a metabolic disorder which easily gets affected by the frequent changes in the metabolism leading to its high incidences. Thus, the concept of chronobiology comes into light that requires more research to correlate the disturbed biological rhythm (Circadian cycle) to the incidences and severity of DM condition (worsening or increased incidences of DM).

Background: Nowadays, the majority of the population suffers from the problem of hair loss. It leads to disturbed mental health, lower self-confidence, and a lot more problems. A lot of the hair loss therapies available are not reliable and lead to recurrence and side effects after some time. Cannabinoids (CBD) have recently become quite popular for their benefits against hair loss. CBD oil preparations have been used both internally and externally for oral and topical use, respectively. Due to the presence of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the body, which naturally targets CB1 and CB2 receptors, the control of hair fall is possible. CBD is used topically for hair loss, whereas it is administered orally for the treatment and management of a medical condition, i.e., alopecia. Aim/Objective: The present review aimed to provide an in-depth study on hair loss and its management using CBD and its associated mechanisms. Methods: Electronic databases, such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley, Springer, and Scopus, were thoroughly searched for information about how CBD is used, how it works, and what role it plays in treating alopecia and hair loss. Results: This review has highlighted the use of CBD-based hair loss therapy, and described various types of hair loss and their treatments. This review also details the phytocannabinoids and the potential mechanisms of CBD's activity against hair loss and alopecia. Conclusion: The data obtained from the literature regarding CBD and hair loss provide a scientific basis for CBD use in alopecia. Additionally, a more precise and comprehensive study concerning CBD needs to be carried out at the pre-clinical and clinical levels.