Over 20 different growth factors belonging to the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) family have been identified, that were initially discovered as growth factors that promote osteogenesis, and play a vital role in bone remodeling and various developmental processes. Numerous studies have explored the aberrance level of BMPs in various cancer types, questioning their role in tumorigenesis.These growth factors have been studied extensively over the decades to define their function during cancer progression and metastasis. Nonetheless, the BMP expression profiles in clinical samples correlate with cancer prognosis. Based on clinical data, various in vitro, and in vivo findings, it has been reported that BMPs have dual roles, that is, they can act as a tumor suppressor, tumor promoter, and both. On contrary, some studies have reported that BMPs have an oncogenic role while others reported their tumor-suppressive role. So, this creates a knowledge gap in the behavior of different types of BMPs. Thus, this review updates and

Bone morphogenetic proteins are a center of serious concern and are known to execute various cancer-related issues. The BMP signaling cascades have become more unpredictable as a result of their pleiotropic and risky characteristics, particularly when it comes to cancer responses. This perspective discusses the current therapeutic implications, emphasizes different cellular aspects that impact the failures of the current drug treatments, and speculates on future research avenues that include novel strategies like metabolomic studies and bio-mimetic peptide therapeutics to mitigate cancerous outcomes.