This article examines the meaning of respect for evangelicals in Brazil. We were particularly interested in the roles which the recognition of equality, achievements and needs would play in the respect experiences of members of this religious minority. With regard to the sources of respect our focus was on Brazilians as a superordinate ingroup and on five different outgroups. As expected, equality recognition emerged as the dominant principle governing intragroup respect. Intergroup respect, however, was governed primarily by the principle of need recognition, especially in relations with religious outgroups. The principles of achievement and equality recognition also played a role in intergroup respect, but only in relations with secular outgroups. Implications for religious groups’ struggles for respect in modern society are discussed.

The article reports two studies in which we examined how the politicization of religious communities influences both affective and cognitive intergroup differentiation. In Study 1, we used a longitudinal research design and observed that politicization among members of Protestant communities in Germany negatively affected their feelings towards and perceptions of commonalities with homosexuals and Muslims. In Study 2, we used a cross-sectional design and replicated the results with members of Protestant communities in Brazil as research participants and homosexuals and adherents of Afro-Brazilian religions as target groups. However, unlike politicization, which revolves around demands for greater support directed at the larger society, community solidarity, which focused on engagement for one's community, was unrelated to affective intergroup differentiation and even negatively related to cognitive intergroup differentiation, especially in the German context. RESUMENEl artículo describe dos estudios en los que se analiza cómo influye la politización de las comunidades religiosas en la diferenciación intergrupal afectiva y cognitiva. En el Estudio 1 aplicamos un diseño de investigación longitudinal y observamos que la politización entre los miembros de las comunidades protestantes en Alemania influía negativamente en sus sentimientos hacia y la percepción de puntos comunes con los homosexuales y los musulmanes. En el Estudio 2 utilizamos un diseño transversal y reproducimos los resultados con miembros de comunidades protestantes de Brasil como participantes en la investigación y homosexuales y seguidores de religiones afrobrasileñas como grupos objetivo. No obstante, a diferencia de la politización, que versa sobre las demandas de un apoyo mayor dirigido a la sociedad en general, la solidaridad comunitaria, centrada en el compromiso para la propia comunidad, no estaba relacionada con la ARTICLE HISTORY