Rural areas encounter numerous challenges, which include poverty, food insecurity and unemployment. Declining productions in agribusiness plays a critical impact in having more individuals to partake in agricultural non-farm activities in the rural area to support their livelihoods. This study sought to identify the different kinds of rural non-farm enterprises (RNFEs) that support the agricultural sector in Kiambu County and their relative success. Ann epistemology philosophy was adopted. The target population was all non-farm small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Kiambu County who have prevailed by supporting agrarian related exercises. This population of RNFEs came from every one of the 12 sub-areas: Gatundu North, Gatundu South, Thika, Juja, Githunguri, Ruiru, Kiambu, Kiambaa, Kabete, Kikuyu, Lari and Limuru. The study investigated five rural non-farm undertakings occupied with the accompanying regions: agribusiness activities, rural industrialisation ventures, transport services, the travel industry activities and development ventures. The study used questionnaires and interview guides for primary data collection. The findings indicated that what made most of RNFEs to begin the business was to bring in cash and utilized as a type of revenue. The study correlation results between the diversity of RNFEs that support the agricultural sector and rural livelihood outcome was positive and significant. The regression model depicted a positive and significant relationship between the various kinds of RNFEs that support the agricultural sector and rural livelihood outcomes. The inferential statistics demonstrated that the relationship between various types of RNFEs that help the effect of country non-farm undertakings on rural business results are significant. Therefore, is the study concluded that the help of RNFEs occupied with farming does affect rural business results in rural regions. Besides operating related rural-based commercial activities including agro-processing and ancillary commercial, it is possible to introduce activities to provide services to facilitate the adjoining agricultural commercial activities such as sale of fertilisers, insecticides or improved seeds.

Rural non-farm activities contribute to the agricultural value chain. These activities include agro-processing, breeding, transport, distribution, marketing and retail. The need to recognise the factors that influence people to engage in diversified rural non-farm activities in the agricultural sector has been noted to be crucial, as it can act as a guide to strategising and promoting the agricultural sector. Therefore, this study sought to assess the support that RNFEs need to ensure positive rural livelihood outcomes. The study adopted an epistemology philosophy. The target population was all non-farm small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Kiambu County who have prevailed by supporting agrarian related exercises. This population of RNFEs came from every one of the 12 sub-areas: Gatundu North, Gatundu South, Thika, Juja, Githunguri, Ruiru, Kiambu, Kiambaa, Kabete, Kikuyu, Lari and Limuru. The study investigated five rural non-farm undertakings occupied with the accompanying regions: agribusiness activities, rural industrialisation ventures, transport services, the travel industry activities and development ventures. The study used questionnaires and interview guides for primary data collection. The inferential model indicated that there was a strong relationship between government and farmers. Many enterprises were not able to obtain finances for start-up businesses and/or expansion of their businesses. The main contributory factors to rural livelihood outcomes were (a) to have access to income and (b) to be able to gain employment. RNFEs is a way of improving rural infrastructure development, which allows production and growth of basic goods and services. Forms of government support that have been experienced include legislation, financing, empowerment of the marginalised and improvement of infrastructure, with the most important support coming from improvement of infrastructure. The major support that RNFEs are able to access are improvement of infrastructure such as roads, hospitals and learning institutions, which enable quick development and growth. The study further recommends on the need for a support mechanism procedure for RNFEs. The study recommended on availability of cheap loans with low interest rates for farmers. The lending interest rates were unaffordable for RNFEs, thus making it challenging for the growth of rural livelihood outcome from an entrepreneurship perspective.

This paper examines the attitudes and behaviors of rural youth in Kenya towards sustainable agricultural practices. Given the critical role of agriculture in Kenya's economy and the significance of the youth demographic, understanding these attitudes and behaviours is of paramount importance. By analysing existing research, this paper identifies the key factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices among rural youth in Kenya and highlight the potential barriers and enablers that can facilitate their engagement in sustainable farming methods. The successful engagement of youth in sustainable agriculture in Kenya requires a multifaceted approach that addresses the numerous obstacles they face while capitalizing on their unique potential and interests. Given their position at the intersection of agricultural heritage and technological modernity, strategies aimed at youth engagement must be comprehensive, culturally sensitive, and forward-thinking. Keywords: Sustainable Agricultural Practices, Rural Youth, Attitudes and Behaviours, Kenya

This literature-based paper examines the attitudes and behaviors of rural youth in Kenya towards sustainable agricultural practices. Given the critical role of agriculture in Kenya’s economy and the significance of the youth demographic, understanding these attitudes and behaviours is of paramount importance. By analysing existing research, this paper identifies the key factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices among rural youth in Kenya and highlight the potential barriers and enablers that can facilitate their engagement in sustainable farming methods.