This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of length of instruction, out-of-school exposure to foreign language input, and gender on learners' receptive vocabulary knowledge in two foreign languages: French (first foreign language) and English (second foreign language). The findings suggest that, although length of instruction correlated positively with vocabulary knowledge in English and French, the gains remained modest when out-of-school exposure to the foreign language input was limited. Despite fewer years of English instruction, participants' vocabulary knowledge in English was considerably larger than their French vocabulary knowledge, which can be explained by their large amounts of out-of-school exposure to English language input. Participants' online activities in particular had a positive effect on their vocabulary knowledge in English. Although gender influenced participants' engagement with online activities in English, gender did not have a direct effect on their vocabulary knowledge, as the structural equation modeling analysis showed.We would like to thank the four anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor Scott Crossley for their insightful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. We are also grateful to Britta Kestemont for her help in the data collection.
The present study aims to replicate Stæhr’s (2009) study on the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension. To explore the generalizability of Stæhr’s findings, two experiments were conducted. However, the study changed the population (Flemish learners) and proficiency level of the materials in the first experiment (intermediate) and also the language in the second experiment (French). Our results generally confirm Stæhr’s findings. We also found a positive correlation between vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension. Although our findings reveal that learners probably need fewer words for adequate listening comprehension at an intermediate proficiency level, our study also showed that learners who knew more words had higher listening comprehension scores. Finally, our study seems to suggest that learners might need less lexical coverage for intermediate listening.
The present study aims to replicate Stæhr’s (2009) study on the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension. To explore the generalizability of Stæhr’s findings, two experiments were conducted. However, the study changed the population (Flemish learners) and proficiency level of the materials in the first experiment (intermediate) and also the language in the second experiment (French). Our results generally confirm Stæhr’s findings. We also found a positive correlation between vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension. Although our findings reveal that learners probably need fewer words for adequate listening comprehension at an intermediate proficiency level, our study also showed that learners who knew more words had higher listening comprehension scores. Finally, our study seems to suggest that learners might need less lexical coverage for intermediate listening.
Les auteurs explorent la production orale en français d’apprenants natifs et non natifs dans deux dialogues. L’étude vise plus précisément trois objectifs. Premièrement, celui d’étudier la relation entre la taille du vocabulaire réceptif et productif d’apprenants de français, d’une part, et le vocabulaire utilisé dans deux dialogues, d’autre part. Deuxièmement, les auteurs veulent comparer le vocabulaire produit (c’est-à-dire, le nombre de mots utilisés, le profil lexical de fréquence et la diversité lexicale mesurée à l’aide de D et HD-D) par des locuteurs non natifs avec celui de locuteurs natifs. Troisièmement, les auteurs veulent déterminer lesquelles des mesures mentionnées ci-dessus permettent de prédire l’évaluation holistique des connaissances lexicales d’apprenants de français par des experts. Cinquante apprenants de français de 17 ans ont rempli un test de vocabulaire réceptif et productif et ont participé à deux dialogues. Vingt-sept francophones du même âge ont produit les mêmes dialogues. Les résultats indiquent qu’il existe une corrélation positive et modérée entre le vocabulaire réceptif et les scores holistiques, mais pas entre le vocabulaire productif et les scores holistiques. Qui plus est, lorsqu’ils s’expriment, les locuteurs natifs produisent plus de mots et moins de mots à usage fréquent. La diversité lexicale de leur production est également plus élevée que celle des apprenants de français. Enfin, il semble qu’une combinaison de la diversité lexicale (HD-D) et du nombre de types utilisés par les locuteurs ainsi que la fréquence de ces mots expliquent une grande partie de la variance dans les scores holistiques. Les résultats de la présente étude jettent un nouvel éclairage sur le rôle de l’emploi du vocabulaire dans la production orale de locuteurs natifs et non natifs dans une langue autre que l’anglais, à savoir le français, et pour une population autre que des étudiants universitaires, c’est-à-dire des apprenants pré-intermédiaires.
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