IntroductionGlobally, there is a trend to economically empower the disadvantaged groups especially through entrepreneurship. This empowerment should also be seen through the prism of ongoing global sustainable strategies aimed at ensuring inclusive economic participation and development in the 21 st Century where the principle of sustainability, participation and equity are important factors in measuring economic growth rather than aggregate factors such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country (World Bank, 2015). The initiative would broadly support the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the AU Agenda 2063 and Kenya Vision 2030 all anchored on sustainable development of communities and states.In Tanzania, amendments to the Public Procurement Act of 2011 (PPA, 2016) were made to address among others; to enhancing participation of local traders and special groups in public purchases and also discourage importation of goods and services in the domestic market. Thai (2004) explained that, as many countries have moved to a regional and or global economy, Public procurement practitioners face another challenge that is, how to comply with their government's procurement regulations and social and economic procurement goals without violating regional and/or international trade agreements. For example, how to comply with national economic policies such as nurturing domestic firms, without dealing unfairly with foreign firms as provided in regional trade agreements and/or the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements is not easy, which requires a careful study of trade agreements in order to take advantages of special provisions.In Kenya, the legal requirement for youth, women and PWDs to access thirty percent of procuring opportunities is being implemented through the AGPO initiative which was officially launched by the President on 16th October 2013 in Nairobi. This AGPO initiative is anchored in the COK (2010), Article 227 on the fair equitable, transparent and costeffective public procurement of goods and services, and also in Article 55 on affirmative action and the Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Act (PPADA), 2015.
The study sought to establish the determinant of disability mainstreaming in e-Learning in Kenya School of Government, Kenya. The independent variables of the study were: Accessibility to Technology, Management Support, Technical Competencies and Mode of Delivery and the dependent variable was Disability Mainstreaming in e-Learning. The study was conducted in the Kenya School of Government. The study employed a Cross-Sectional Descriptive Research Design also known as statistical research and the population was sampled through stratified random sampling. Structured questionnaires and observation schedules were used to collect data. Data gathered was analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics, processed by Microsoft SPSS Version 20.0 and presented using graphs, pie charts, tables and percentages. The study reviewed literature on the dependent and the independent variables of the study Results of this study indicated that Accessibility to Technology, Management Support, Technical Competencies and Mode of Delivery determined Disability Mainstreaming in e-Learning .The need for management support, budgetary allocation and faculty empowerment was found critical and recommended in the study.
One of the most fundamental initiatives by the Kenyan Government is to empower the Youth, Women and Persons With Disabilities (PWDs) to access, participate and benefit from at least thirty percent (30%) of Government Procurement Opportunities through preferential treatment while they try to seek Government Procurement Prospects. The major purpose of the initiative is to accelerate the growth of enterprises owned by Youth, Women and PWDs. However, taking cognizant of the myriad challenges encountered, the determinants of these strategic interventions and how they influence the uptake of this opportunity is not clear and hence this study while narrowing on the independent parameter of Awareness Raising pursued to correlate with the outcome variable which was the Uptake of Access to Government Procurement Opportunities (AGPO). The study employed the descriptive research design with inferential statistics as tools of analysis, and with a sample of 55 respondents drawn from the Three (3) Sub-Counties, namely; Isiolo, Garbatulla, and Merti, all in Isiolo County in Kenya. The researchers interconnected the independent variable with the dependent variable. The study found that Awareness Raising had statistically significant strong positive correlation with the Uptake of AGPO.The study concluded that Awareness Raising significantly influenced the Uptake of AGPO, as it emerged that access to information on AGPO was not an impediment and that there were sensitizations workshops on AGPO which had enabled them to seize opportunities in AGPO. From the findings, the study recommended that, there is need for Awareness Raising on AGPO by the County Government of Isiolo and other key players such as Development Partners, Management Development Agencies(MDAs), Faith Based organizations (FBOs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs).
Micro and Small Scale Enterprises play a major role in strengthening the Kenyan economy. The Sessional Paper No. 2 of 1992 on Small Scale and Jua Kali Development in Kenya focused on the role of Micro and Small Enterprises and stressed the potential of the MSE sector to function as a catalyst of growth for the country's development. The Micro and Small Enterprises and especially those owned by women are a useful tool for Poverty reduction (45%), Promotes Rural Urban balance and stimulate Entrepreneurial spirit and development. Despite their significance, past statistics indicate that three (3) out of five (5) businesses fail within the first few months of operation. The study aimed at determining the influence of Legal and Regulatory Framework on the Performance of Women Owned enterprises. Literature related to the variables of the study was reviewed in relation to Performance of Women Owned Enterprises. The Social Cultural Theory of Entrepreneurship was used in the study. The study employed a cross sectional descriptive research design and employed a positivism philosophy. The study sample size was 260 respondents identified through two stages of probabilistic sampling techniques; stratified and simple random sampling because of the population's homogenous characteristics. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and interview guide. Reliability testing was carried out using Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha test, which was found to be above 0.7, it indicated satisfactory reliability. Descriptive and inferential Analysis was carried out. Inferential Statistics used the simple linear regression model and ANOVA. For the specific objective, the decision to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis was based on the significance of coefficients (p < 0.05) of the variable in the fitted regression. The study found the influence of Legal and Regulatory Framework on firm performance to be insignificant. The findings of this study supports and add knowledge to previous studies on entrepreneurship. The results support the Social Cultural Theory, that entrepreneurship can develop in an environment when its regulation, ethos, philosophies, standards and code of practices permits a variety of choices and where social, political and economic processes and procedures are not rigid and in a situation which encourages the
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