Our positive results are consistent with the results of recent studies; which conclude that there is a potential benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in resected gastric cancer.

Photoreceptor loss is the principal cause of blindness in retinal degenerative diseases (RDDs). Whereas some therapies exist for early stages of RDDs, no effective treatment is currently available for later stages, and once photoreceptors are lost, the only option to rescue vision is cell transplantation. With the use of the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat model of retinal degeneration, we sought to determine whether combined transplantation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived retinal precursor cells (RPCs) and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells was superior to RPE or RPC transplantation alone in preserving retinal from degeneration. hiPSC-derived RPCs and RPE cells expressing (GFP) were transplanted into the subretinal space of rats. In vivo monitoring showed that grafted cells survived 12 weeks in the subretinal space, and rats treated with RPE + RPC therapy exhibited better conservation of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and visual response than RPE-treated or RPC-treated rats. Transplanted RPE cells integrated in the host RPE layer, whereas RPC mostly remained in the subretinal space, although a limited number of cells integrated in the ONL. In conclusion, the combined transplantation of hiPSC-derived RPE and RPCs is a potentially superior therapeutic approach to protect retina from degeneration in RDDs.

Increased oxidative stress in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium is implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Antioxidant cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have been used to treat degenerative retinal pathologies in animal models, although their delivery route is not ideal for chronic patient treatment. In this work, we prepared a formulation for ocular topical delivery that contains small (3 nm), nonaggregated biocompatible CeO2NPs. In vitro results indicate the biocompatible and protective character of the CeO2NPs, reducing oxidative stress in ARPE19 cells and inhibiting neovascularization related to pathological angiogenesis in both HUVEC and in in vitro models of neovascular growth. In the in vivo experiments, we observed the capacity of CeO2NPs to reach the retina after topical delivery and a subsequent reversion of the altered retinal transcriptome of the retinal degenerative mouse model DKOrd8 toward that of healthy control mice, together with signs of decreased inflammation and arrest of degeneration. Furthermore, CeO2NP eye drops’ treatment reduced laser-induced choroidal neovascular lesions in mice by lowering VEGF and increasing PEDF levels. These results indicate that CeO2NP eye drops are a beneficial antioxidant and neuroprotective treatment for both dry and wet forms of AMD disease.

No abstract