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The aim of the article was to identify changes in the structure of land use and land cover in the context of spatial planning problems. The research was conducted on valley areas protected under the Natura 2000 programme and that are located within the zone of influence of a big city. The researchers analysed local planning documents to see whether they were in agreement with the aims of the protection programme. The Natura 2000 areas located in the Commune of Stęszew, Poznań County were chosen for a case study. The article describes recurrent problems and phenomena that are typical of the protected areas and that are simultaneously affected by the pressure of urbanisation. GIS tools were used to make a comparative analysis of six categories of land use forms in three research periods and to calculate the indicator of land cover variance. Since the 1980s, the areas under study have been affected by changes in land use. They have been manifested by a higher forestation rate, increasing numbers of developed areas, and a decrease in farmland area. The percentage of other components of the land cover structure has not changed much. In view of environmental protection, the changes proposed in spatial plans are a matter of special concern. The territory under analysis is characterised by a very high land cover variance indicator referring to the developed area, whereas the indicators referring to farmland and wetland areas are negative. It is particularly difficult to apply the rule of sustainable development in the areas. The protection of natural values and the developmental needs of the commune stand in opposition to each other and cause spatial planning conflicts.

Numerous barren land areas are found within administrative boundaries of cities. They include both former farmland located at the outskirts of cities, as well as vacant plots, postindustrial plots or former railway infrastructure plots. Barren plots are integral elements of the urban landscape and contemporary scientific concepts indicate their important role in the functioning of urban ecosystems. Abandoned land provides a potential for the development of green infrastructure and further development of recreation areas. At the same time some abandoned plots are informally adapted by local residents to suit their needs, transforming them into community gardens and recreation areas. This paper presents results of studies conducted by the authors in selected derelict areas in the city of Poznań. Analyses were conducted on their type, origin, size and location within the city. Observations were also recorded on the methods to adapt abandoned land by local communities.

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Zapisany w ustawie krajobrazowej obowiązek sporządzania audytów krajobrazowych jest efektem wdrażania Europejskiej Konwencji Krajobrazowej. Ograniczenie audytu do skali regionalnej (mezoregionów) nie sprzyja identyfikacji lokalnej specyfiki krajobrazu, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do jego aspektów kulturowych, kompozycyjnych i percepcyjnych. Jeżeli audyt krajobrazowy ma być rzeczywistym narzędziem służącym ochronie krajobrazu w planowaniu przestrzennym, niezbędne jest sporządzanie go również dla jednostek niższego rzędu (mikroregionów), kompatybilnych ze skalą planowania miejscowego, uwzględniając perspektywę człowieka – obserwatora. Aspekty kulturowe, kompozycyjne i percepcyjne w znacznym stopniu decydują o przywiązaniu do miejsca oraz społecznej akceptacji krajobrazu. Powinny one stanowić podstawę prawidłowej jego ochrony i kształtowania na poziomie lokalnym, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do krajobrazu nie uznawanego za „priorytetowy”, lecz „zwyczajny”, „codzienny”. Artykuł stanowi przegląd przykładów zastosowania metod z zakresu architektury krajobrazu, uwzględniających lokalną specyfikę przestrzeni i wykazujących możliwość jej uwzględnienia w planowaniu miejscowym.