Next-generation cellular networks will witness the creation of smart radio environments (SREs), where walls and objects can be coated with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to strengthen the communication and localization performance. In fact, RISs have been recently introduced not only to overcome communication blockages due to obstacles but also for high-precision localization of mobile users in GPS denied environments, e.g., indoors. Towards this vision, this paper presents the localization performance limits for communication scenarios where a single next generation NodeB base station (gNB), equipped with multiple-antennas, infers the position and the orientation of a user equipment (UE) in a RIS-assisted SRE.We consider a signal model that is valid also for near-field propagation conditions, as the usually adopted far-field assumption does not always hold, especially for large RISs. For the considered scenario, we derive the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for assessing the ultimate localization and orientation performance of synchronous and asynchronous signalling schemes. In addition, we propose a closed-form RIS phase profile that well suits joint communication and localization, and we perform extensive numerical results to assess the performance of our scheme for various localization scenarios and for various RIS phase design. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can achieve remarkable performance, even in asynchronous signalling, and that the proposed phase design, based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), approaches the numerical optimal phase design that minimizes the CRLB.

A high percentage of BRAF(V600E) alleles defines a PTC molecular subtype and predicts a poorer disease outcome. The analysis of BRAF mutations by pyrosequencing is useful to refine the risk stratification of patients with PTC.

These data demonstrate that clonal BRAF(V600E) is a rare occurrence in PTC, although frequently this cancer consists of a mixture of tumor cells with wild-type and mutant BRAF. These results suggest that BRAF mutation in PTC is a later subclonal event, its intratumoral heterogeneity may hamper the efficacy of targeted pharmacotherapy, and its association with a more aggressive disease should be reevaluated.

International audience—The adoption of millimeter-wave technology could open the possibility to integrate massive antenna arrays inside future 5G user mobile devices, with the possibility to enable new interesting applications. Within this context, in this paper we put forth the concept of a personal mobile radar operating at millimeter-waves and consisting of a massive array for accurate environmental mapping. Frequency selec-tivity and phase quantization effects are accounted for to characterize the achievable angle and range resolution necessary to collect environmental information. Successively, we propose an effective grid-based Bayesian mapping approach by introducing a new state-space model, which profits of the beneficial effects of the massive antenna array characteristics. Numerical results show that the idea herein investigated is feasible, and that a significant mapping performance is attainable even employing coarse antenna arrays provided that the number of antenna elements is sufficiently high