Introduction: Dental abnormalities are relatively frequent among late complications of anticancer treatment received by patients at a young age. Available statistical reports are based on different research methods providing various results. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of agenesis and reduction in crown size in cancer survivors and healthy subjects with special attention to the age at which treatment was begun and therapy duration related to the developmental stage of the affected teeth. Material and methods: Cancer survivors and their healthy peers were examined clinically and radiographically towards an existence of hypodontia and changes in the dental crown size. Results: Cancer survivors had abnormalities examined in the prevalence of 62.16% and total number of 100 teeth disturbed. Significantly lower prevalence (13.51%) and smaller number of teeth affected (10) were disclosed in the control group. After the affected teeth were divided into developmental groups, the mean age at the time of anticancer therapy varied noticeably and corresponded with expected time of early tooth development. Analysis revealed that 80% of survivors with hypodontia, 91.67% with microdontia, and 100% with teeth reduced in size received the therapy at the expected early development. Conclusions: The findings of the study showed a strong correlation between the age at the therapy and the expected time of odontogenesis of teeth affected in almost 98% of cases.

Introduction: Although the developmental model of permanent tooth is considered to be similar to the better understood formation of deciduous tooth, the duration of subsequent stages differs significantly, and it is difficult to determine. Various sources report that agenesis is a result of genetic abnormality or a developmental disturbance caused in initiation stage. However, it seems that complete damage to the germ, sometimes referred to as "aplasia", can occur during the entire early odontogenesis. Detailed antineoplastic treatment records and dental disturbances in children as a result of chemotherapy administration show the possibility to recognize not wellknown early tooth development.Objectives: An attempt to discover some unexplained facts about early tooth development based on the cases of chemotherapy-induced agenesis. Material and methods: Thirty-eight cancer survivors presented for a check-up visit in the Pediatric Clinic fulfilled the study criteria. Clinical control and panoramic radiograph were performed to identify the developmental abnormalities of hard tissues. Medical records were also analyzed to distinguish the age and duration of the cytotoxic treatment. Thirty-one survivors showed long-term dental effects of therapy. Five participants had 13 teeth missing. Results: In the case of survivors with a lack of 6 teeth, germ-toxic drug administration was applied just before appositional growth. Individuals with 3 teeth missing started the therapy before or at the beginning of expected initiation stage. One patient with four second premolars missing was treated outside the early odontogenesis age period. Conclusions: Detailed analysis revealed hypothesis that the total toxic damage to the dental developing tissues is likely to occur even at the most advanced stadium of early development. A longer duration of early odontogenesis is also possible. The duration of particular stages in tooth formation can be revised based on the dental examination of cancer survivors.

Introduction. The mechanisms determining the final tooth shape and size are still not well understood. Knowing the precise time of an antineoplastic management and analyzing the subsequent complications resulting from the said harmful therapy may be helpful in finding out more about dental development. Aim of the study. To analyze the process of tooth germ growth on the basis of examination of patients treated with chemotherapy. Materials and methods. A total of ten cancer survivors with tooth agenesis and microdontia were interviewed and underwent clinical and radiographic examinations. Results. In all, 38 disturbed teeth were revealed: 11 missing germs (1 first premolar, 5 second premolars, 3 second molars and 2 lateral incisors) and 27 microdontic teeth (9 first and 5 second premolars, 9 second molars, 2 lateral incisors and 2 third molars). Selected patients underwent cancer treatment between 9 months and 10 years of age. In the majority of cases the age at diagnosis slightly preceded the average time when the mineralization of affected teeth began. Conclusions. Cytotoxic therapy may be responsible for the damage to ectodermal germ cells resulting, among others in hypodontia and microdontia. These abnormalities have been described as occurring at the initiation and bud stage, respectively. Taking into account that chemotherapy was most often administered to the examined patients shortly before tooth germ mineralization, it seems possible the anomalies might have occurred at the later stage of tooth development.

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Deep caries treatment is associated with the loss of hard dental tissue and pain during debridement of the cavity and is very time-consuming. Traditional management (complete caries removal) is associated with high complication rates. In order to reduce the number of problems, other methods can be used such as stepwise excavation, partial caries removal and cavity restoration during the same visit, and no dentinal caries removal. The aim of this paper is to compare the efficacy of five deep caries treatment methods based on the literature. It describes complete caries removal, indirect pulp treatment, stepwise excavation, 1-visit partial caries removal and no dentinal caries removal. The work focuses on methods which are minimally invasive in relation to hard dental tissues and ensure maximum protection of vital dental tissue. The present study suggests the need to limit complete cavity preparation in the treatment of deep caries, especially at the developmental age. Such an approach decreases the risk of pulp exposure and substantial loss of hard dental tissue to improve the conditions of secondary dentin formation.