Objectives: Despite wide access to gynecological and obstetric advice, informational campaigns, and information online and in magazines aimed at pregnant women, there is a worryingly high percentage of women who still do not use recommended dietary supplementation. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of micronutrient supplementation by pregnant women and to specify the determinants that impact decisions concerning supplementation. Material and methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2016 and May 2017 among a group of pregnant women visiting gynecological and obstetric clinics in the Silesia region, who have completed an authorized questionnaire developed for the purpose of this study. The questionnaire addressed the women's dietary habits, micronutrient supplementation use, as well as their socio-economic status. Completed questionnaires were obtained from 505 pregnant women.Results: Microminerals and vitamins supplementation during pregnancy was declared by 410 (81.2%) women. The most often used supplement was folic acid (62%). More than one-third of pregnant women (38.4%) declared vitamin D intake. Among the recommended supplements, the least commonly used (30.3%) were polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Factors contributing to supplementation use during pregnancy are past history of miscarriage and socioeconomic factors, such as: place of residence, financial situation and level of education. Inhabitants of larger cities, women with better self-perceived financial situations, higher education levels and those presenting past history of miscarriage took the supplements significantly more often. Conclusions:Lower levels of education, low-income financial status and living in rural localities are among the factors correlating with worse adherence to supplementation guidelines.
Co roku wzrasta liczba użytkowników Internetu, w 2019 roku stanowili oni aż 69% społeczeństwa. Fakt ten powoduje pojawianie się nowych form cyberzagrożeń oraz rozwój zjawiska, które staje się zmorą społeczeństwa informacyjnego-uzależnienia od Internetu i elektronicznych środków przekazu. Medium, które jest środkiem mającym poprawiać jakość życia, odbiera ją, zwłaszcza w aspekcie życia społecznego i emocjonalnego. Z powodu braku przejrzystej definicji zjawiska uzależnienia od Internetu bardzo trudne jest oszacowanie jego rzeczywistego rozpowszechnienia, a także zrozumienie mechanizmów psychopatologicznych jakie predysponują do jego powstania. Dotychczasowe badania nad uzależnieniem od Internetu obejmowały w głównej mierze kwestię funkcjonowania poznawczego oraz ocenę predyspozycji społecznych. Wskazuje to na pilną potrzebę dostarczenia rzetelnych badań ukazujących predyspozycje temperamentalne i osobowościowe, na co zwrócono uwagę w niniejszej pracy. Podjęto również temat rozwoju uzależnienia, a także skupiono się na najnowszych metodach leczenia i ich skuteczności.
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