Activation of the RAS has a crucial role in the progression of ischemia/reperfusion-associated CAD. The regulation of RAS differs in the two genders. However, the extent of gender differences and locations of renin production have not been revealed yet. We investigated in vivo the local renin production in the two genders during ischemia/reperfusion injury. In male and female Wistar rats, renal ischemia was induced followed by a reperfusion period of two, eight, 16, 24, or 48 h. We applied flow cytometry to measure renin content and multiphoton imaging to visualize renin granules and changes of peritubular diameters in vivo during ischemia/reperfusion. Renin content decreased in CD in the first eight h of reperfusion; however, after 16 h, its amount increased. In males, the production of renin was more pronounced, and the duration of vasoconstriction was longer with a subsequent phase of vessel hyperdilation compared to females. Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury induces renin response not only in the JGA, but also in the CD segment. Renin production is more explicit in males than in females which, via increased angiotensin II production, might explain the different dynamism of renal vessel regulation between the two genders.
A renin-angiotenzin rendszer szervezetünk egyik legjelentősebb hormonális rendszere, amelynek juxtaglomerularis apparátusban történő szabályozása és szerepe jól ismert. Jelen összefoglaló a vese embrionális fejlődésével párhuza-mot állítva a gyűjtőcsatorna renintermelését írja le, valamint ennek lokális szerepét és terápiás célpontként szolgáló lehetőségeit igyekszik feltárni. Nemrégiben került leírásra, hogy krónikus angiotenzin-II-kezelés során, két vese-, egy klip modellben, illetve diabetes mellitusban a gyűjtőcsatorna jelenti az intrarenalis (pro)renintermelés legfőbb helyét. Ebben a lokalizációban a (pro)renin előtt út nyílhat az interstitialis renin-angoitenzin rendszer komponensek, a szisztémás keringés és a nemrégiben leírásra került (pro)reninreceptor felé. A (pro)renin saját receptorán keresztül intracelluláris profi broticus utakat képes aktiválni, így egyúttal potenciálisan új célpontja lehet a hypertoniához kapcsolódó vagy diabeteses nephropathia kezelésének, illetve eszköze a krónikus vesekárosodást előidéző folyamatok korai diagnosztizálásának. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 643-649. Kulcsszavak: renin-angiotenzin rendszer, gyűjtőcsatorna, (pro)renin, nephropathia, embriogenezisThe cortical collecting duct plays a pivotal role in kidney local renin-angiotensin systemThe renin-angiotensin system is one of the most important hormone systems in the body, and the regulations as well as the role in the juxtaglomerular apparatus are well known. The present review focuses on renin secretion in a recently described localization, the cortical collecting duct. The authors display it in parallel of the copying strategy of an adult and a developing kidney. Furthermore, based on different animal studies it highlights the local role of renin released from the collecting duct. In chronic angiotensin II-infused, 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertensive model as well as in diabetic rats the major source of (pro)renin is indeed the collecting duct. In this localization this hormone can reach both the systemic circulation and the interstitial renin-angiotensin system components including the newly described (pro)renin receptor, by which (pro)renin is able to locally activate pro-fi brotic intracellular signal pathways. Consequently, one can postulate that in the future renin may serve either as a new therapeutic target in nephropathy associated with both hypertension and diabetes or as an early diagnostic marker in chronic diseases leading to nephropathy. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 643-649. Keywords: renin-angiotensin system, collecting duct, (pro)renin, nephropathy, embryogenesis (Beérkezett: 2013. március 4.; elfogadva: 2013. március 28.) Rövidítések 2K1C = (2-kidney, 1-clip model) két vese-, egy klipmodell; ACE = (angiotensin converting enzyme) angiotenzinkonvertáló enzim; ANG = angiotenzinogén; Ang-I = angiotenzin-I; Ang-II = angiotenzin-II; ARB = angiotenzinreceptor-blokkoló; AT1R = 1-es típusú angiotenzinreceptor; DM = diabetes mellitus; ENaC = epithelialis Na + -csatorna; ERK = (extracellular regulated kinaz) extracellulár...
Whole or partial trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 9 (9p) is considered to be one of the more frequent chromosome abnormalities compatible with life. The duplication may affect various organs, however the most common symptoms are certain specific facial dysmorphisms and abnormalities of the fingers, toes and nails. A one month old boy presented with failure to thrive, jaundice, ventricular septal defect (VSD) and dysmorphic face. He displayed symptoms of heart failure. The cardiologic examination revealed a significant VSD, hypoplasia of the aortic arch, pulmonary hypertension, decompensated circulatory failure and moderate left ventricle dysfunction. Routine cytogenetic analysis revealed a supernumerary marker chromosome. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) identified this as the short arm of chromosome 9. The child’s karyotype was determined as 47,XY,+der(9)dup(9)(p10p24)dn. Due to his worsening condition and the high risk of the operation, it was decided to forego the procedure. After a short palliative care the child passed away. The child’s clinical presentation and the uncharacteristic severity of his condition show that chromosome abnormalities involving duplicated genetic material are extremely heterogeneous. Thus treatment of each child should be individualized and may also involve difficult ethical considerations. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(47): 1994–2000.
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