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Phenyl-2-propanone (P-2-P), also known as benzyl methyl ketone (BMK), is a colorless or slightly yellowish liquid. It presents a density similar to that of water as well as a pleasant scent. Even if there are few legitimate uses of BMK such as in the production of the pharmaceutical drug propyl-hexedrine, most frequently BMK is used as an illicit compound for the illegal manufacture of amphetamine. Actually, BMK is identified by classical methods such as gas chromatography, NMR or HPLC. These methods are costly, time-consuming and require the presence of trained operators. It appears obvious that there is an urgent need to develop a new easy and fast method that allows us to detect the presence of traces of BMK. In this work, a new chemically synthesized BMK derivative covalently attached to an immunological carrier was used for producing antibodies against the BMK molecules. A fluorescence polarization-based bioassay was developed by using the produced anti-BMK antibodies and the BMK derivative. The assay exhibits interesting analytical performances with a limit of detection of less than 100 nM and an almost linear response up to 600 nM. Interestingly, the proposed assay could be performed using a customizable portable instrumentation and could be used by non-instructed personnel at custom borders and checkpoints or for quick spot-checks.

Ephedrine is a crucial chemical precursor for clandestinely produced amphetamine and its related drugs. Also, ephedrine is intentionally added to illegal preparations of methamphetamine or amphetamine because it is cheaper than the other two drugs. Consequently there is a pressing need to prevent the entry of ephedrine into commerce. Therefore the challenge calls for non-invasive techniques that provide data on the presence of ephedrine even in trace amounts. In this paper we describe the synthesis of a new ephedrine derivative with a carbon linker featuring an amino reactive group, and its conjugation to the glutamine binding protein (GlnBP) from E. coli as a carrier protein for the production of polyclonal antibodies against ephedrine. Proof-of-principle results of an efficient SPRbased indirect competitive immunoassay for the detection and quantification of ephedrine are presented. The detection limit of the assay was about 33 ng ml À1 .

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